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Specialty. Pulmonology. Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema ( CPFE ), describes a medical syndrome involving both pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. [1] [2] The combination is most commonly found in male smokers. Pulmonary function tests typically show preserved lung volume with very low transfer factor. [3]
Subcutaneous emphysema has a characteristic crackling-feel to the touch, a sensation that has been described as similar to touching warm Rice Krispies.[2] This sensation of air under the skin is known as subcutaneous crepitation,a form of crepitus. Numerous etiologies of subcutaneous emphysema have been described.
3.2 million (2019) [ 3] Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) is a type of progressive lung disease characterized by long-term respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. [ 8] GOLD 2024 defined COPD as a heterogeneous lung condition characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms ( dyspnea or shortness of breath, cough, sputum production ...
Emphysema is any air-filled enlargement in the body's tissues. [ 5] Most commonly emphysema refers to the permanent enlargement of air spaces ( alveoli) in the lungs, [ 5][ 6] and is also known as pulmonary emphysema . Emphysema is a lower respiratory tract disease, [ 7] characterised by enlarged air-filled spaces in the lungs, that can vary in ...
Pulmonary interstitial emphysema. Pulmonary interstitial emphysema ( PIE) is a collection of air outside of the normal air space of the pulmonary alveoli, found instead inside the connective tissue of the peribronchovascular sheaths, interlobular septa, and visceral pleura. (This supportive tissue is called the pulmonary interstitium.)
A diver with symptoms of mediastinal emphysema may also have any combination of arterial gas embolism, pneumothorax and subcutaneous or pulmonary interstitial emphysema. Factors which may prevent free escape of the compressed breathing gas include holding the breath or respiratory obstructions such as cysts, mucus plugs, or scar tissue. [10]
Obstructive lung disease is a category of respiratory disease characterized by airway obstruction. Many obstructive diseases of the lung result from narrowing (obstruction) of the smaller bronchi and larger bronchioles, often because of excessive contraction of the smooth muscle itself. It is generally characterized by inflamed and easily ...
An acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis ( AECB ), is a sudden worsening of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) symptoms including shortness of breath, quantity and color of phlegm that typically lasts for several days. It may be triggered by an infection with bacteria ...