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2. Cardinal direction - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_direction

   The four cardinal directions, or cardinal points, are the four main compass directions: north, south, east, and west, commonly denoted by their initials N, S, E, and W respectively. Relative to north, the directions east, south, and west are at 90 degree intervals in the clockwise direction. The ordinal directions (also called the intercardinal ...

3. Points of the compass - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Points_of_the_compass

   32-point compass rose. The points of the compass are a set of horizontal, radially arrayed compass directions (or azimuths) used in navigation and cartography.A compass rose is primarily composed of four cardinal directions—north, east, south, and west—each separated by 90 degrees, and secondarily divided by four ordinal (intercardinal) directions—northeast, southeast, southwest, and ...

4. Cardinal point (optics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_point_(optics)

   The cardinal points of a thick lens in air. F, F ′ front and rear focal points; P, P ′ front and rear principal points; V, V ′ front and rear surface vertices. The cardinal points lie on the optical axis of an optical system. Each point is defined by the effect the optical system has on rays that pass through that point, in the paraxial ...

5. Compass rose - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compass_rose

   Compass rose with the eight principal winds. A compass rose, sometimes called a wind rose, rose of the winds or compass star, is a figure on a compass, map, nautical chart, or monument used to display the orientation of the cardinal directions (north, east, south, and west) and their intermediate points. It is also the term for the graduated ...

6. Classical compass winds - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_compass_winds

   The Tower of the Winds in Athens, partly reconstructed, in 1762. In the ancient Mediterranean world, the classical compass winds were names for the points of geographic direction and orientation, in association with the winds as conceived of by the ancient Greeks and Romans. Ancient wind roses typically had twelve winds and thus twelve points ...

7. Compass - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compass

   A compass is a device that shows the cardinal directions used for navigation and geographic orientation. It commonly consists of a magnetized needle or other element, such as a compass card or compass rose, which can pivot to align itself with magnetic north. Other methods may be used, including gyroscopes, magnetometers, and GPS receivers.