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In the eleventh century, Ibn Sina, one of the greatest Muslim philosophers ever, [ 4 ] developed his own unique school of philosophy known as Avicennism which had strong Aristotelian and Neoplatonist roots. Al-Ghazali, a famous Muslim philosopher and theologian, took the approach to resolving apparent contradictions between reason and ...
Al-Ghazali was born in c.1058 in Tus, then part of the Seljuk Empire. [ 50 ] He was a Muslim scholar, law specialist, rationalist, and spiritualist of Persian descent. [ 51 ][ 52 ] He was born in Tabaran, a town in the district of Tus, Khorasan (now part of Iran), [ 50 ] not long after Seljuks entered Baghdad and ended Shia Buyid Amir al-umaras.
Islamic philosophy refers to philosophy produced in an Islamic society. As it is not necessarily concerned with religious issues, nor exclusively produced by Muslims, [ 3 ] many scholars prefer the term "Arabic philosophy." [ 4 ] Islamic philosophy is a generic term that can be defined and used in different ways.
The search for a definitive Islamic philosophy separate from Occasionalism can be seen in what is left of his work. Following al-Farabi's lead, Avicenna initiated a full-fledged inquiry into the question of being, in which he distinguished between essence (Arabic: ماهية, romanized: māhiya) and existence (Arabic: وجود, romanized ...
Ibn Khaldun (/ ˈ ɪ b ən h æ l ˈ d uː n / IH-bun hal-DOON; Arabic: أبو زيد عبد الرحمن بن محمد بن خلدون الحضرمي, Abū Zayd ‘Abd ar-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad ibn Khaldūn al-Ḥaḍramī, Arabic: [ibn xalduːn]; 27 May 1332 – 17 March 1406, 732–808 AH) was an Arab [11] sociologist, philosopher, and historian [12] [13] widely acknowledged to be one of ...
Postage stamp of the USSR, issued on the 1100th anniversary of the birth of Al-Farabi (1975). Abu Nasr Muhammad al-Farabi (Arabic: أبو نصر محمد الفارابي, romanized: Abū Naṣr Muḥammad al-Fārābī; c. 870 [1] [H] – 14 December 950–12 January 951), [2] known in the Latin West as Alpharabius, [3] [I] was an early Islamic philosopher and music theorist. [4]
Al-Kindi was the first of the Islamic peripatetic philosophers, and is hailed as the "father of Arab philosophy ". [2][3][4] Al-Kindi was born in Kufa and educated in Baghdad. [5] He became a prominent figure in the House of Wisdom, and a number of Abbasid Caliphs appointed him to oversee the translation of Greek scientific and philosophical ...
Abū Bakr al-Rāzī (full name: أبو بکر محمد بن زکریاء الرازي, Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn Zakariyyāʾ al-Rāzī), [ a ]c.864 or 865–925 or 935 CE, [ b ] often known as (al-)Razi or by his Latin name Rhazes, also rendered Rhasis, was a Persian physician, philosopher and alchemist who lived during the Islamic Golden Age ...