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The easiest way to overcome this problem is by superheating the steam. On the T–s diagram above, state 3 is at a border of the two-phase region of steam and water, so after expansion the steam will be very wet. By superheating, state 3 will move to the right (and up) in the diagram and hence produce a drier steam after expansion.
The steam which was used to turn the turbine is exhausted into the condenser and is condensed as it comes in contact with the tubes full of cool circulating water. The condensed steam, commonly referred to as condensate. is withdrawn from the bottom of the condenser. The adjacent image is a diagram of a typical surface condenser. [5] [6] [7] [8]
A Rankine cycle with two steam turbines and a single open feedwater heater. A feedwater heater is a power plant component used to pre-heat water delivered to a steam generating boiler. [1] [2] [3] Preheating the feedwater reduces the irreversibilities involved in steam generation and therefore improves the thermodynamic efficiency of the system ...
They can use a gas turbine to produce high-reliability electricity for campus use. The HRSG can recover the heat from the gas turbine to produce steam/hot water for district heating or cooling. [1] Large ocean vessels (e.g., Emma Maersk) make use of heat recovery so that their oil-fired boilers can be shut down while underway. [1]
L.D. Porta gives the following equation determining the efficiency of a steam locomotive, applicable to steam engines of all kinds: power (kW) = steam Production (kg h −1)/Specific steam consumption (kg/kW h). A greater quantity of steam can be generated from a given quantity of water by superheating it.
Example of a Sankey diagram Sankey's original 1898 diagram showing energy efficiency of a steam engine. Sankey diagrams are a data visualisation technique or flow diagram that emphasizes flow/movement/change from one state to another or one time to another, [1] in which the width of the arrows is proportional to the flow rate of the depicted extensive property.
Heat transfer from hot gases to water and steam. The steam power plant takes its input heat from the high temperature exhaust gases from a gas turbine power plant. [5] The steam thus generated can be used to drive a steam turbine. The Waste Heat Recovery Boiler (WHRB) has 3 sections: Economiser, evaporator and superheater.
H 1, H 2 are the total heat content of unit mass of vapors, respectively upstream and downstream the compressor. In SI units, these are respectively measured in kJ, kg and kJ/kg. The actual energy input will be greater than the theoretical value and will depend on the efficiency of the system, which is usually between 30% and 60%.