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Bengali is an Eastern Indo-Aryan language that originated from the Middle Indo-Aryan language in the 7th century. After the conquest of Nadia in 1204 AD, Islamic rule began in Bengal, which influenced the Bengali language. [1] [2] The middle or late 14th century is marked as the end of Old Bengal and the beginning of Middle Bengal.
The Bengali script or Bangla alphabet (Bengali: বাংলা বর্ণমালা, romanized: Bāṅlā bôrṇômālā) is the alphabet used to write the Bengali language, and has historically been used to write Sanskrit within Bengal.
Bengali personal pronouns are somewhat similar to English pronouns, having different words for first, second, and third person, and also for singular and plural (unlike for verbs, below). Bengali pronouns do not differentiate for gender; that is, the same pronoun may be used for "he" or "she".
Bengali is typically thought to have around 100,000 separate words, of which 16,000 (16%) are considered to be তদ্ভব tôdbhôbô, or Tadbhava (inherited Indo-Aryan vocabulary), 40,000 (40%) are তৎসম tôtśômô or Tatsama (words directly borrowed from Sanskrit), and borrowings from দেশী deśi, or "indigenous" words, which are at around 16,000 (16%) of the Bengali ...
[1] [2] It is marked as the barren age, and also marks the end of the Old Bengali era, as the Middle Bengali language developed later. Old Bengali is an Indo-Aryan language that is one of the Eastern Indo-Aryan languages, and its closest relatives are Old Odia and Kamarupi Prakrit. Like other Old Eastern Indo-Aryan languages, it is distinct ...
Barnaparichay [note 1] is a Bengali primer written by 19th century Indian social reformer Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar. [1] [2] It was first published in 1855. This is considered as "The Most Influential Primer of Bengal". [3] The primer had two parts. [note 2] This reflected Vidayasagar's knowledge, expertise and background as a Sanskrit scholar. [4]
During the Bengali Language Movement of the 1940s–50s, Romanization of Bengali was proposed along with other proposals regarding the determination of the state language of the then Pakistan, but like other proposals it also failed, by establishing Bengali as one of the state languages of Pakistan at that time, with its traditional letters.
Dobhashi (Bengali: দোভাষী, romanized: Dobhāṣī, lit. 'bilingual') is a neologism used to refer to a historical register of the Bengali language which borrowed extensively, in all aspects, from Arabic and Persian.