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Enhanced SpeedStep is a series of dynamic frequency scaling technologies (codenamed Geyserville [2] and including SpeedStep, SpeedStep II, and SpeedStep III) built into some Intel's microprocessors that allow the clock speed of the processor to be dynamically changed (to different P-states) by software.
The clock rate of the first generation of computers was measured in hertz or kilohertz (kHz), the first personal computers (PCs) to arrive throughout the 1970s and 1980s had clock rates measured in megahertz (MHz), and in the 21st century the speed of modern CPUs is commonly advertised in gigahertz (GHz).
The dynamic power (switching power) dissipated by a chip is C·V 2 ·A·f, where C is the capacitance being switched per clock cycle, V is voltage, A is the Activity Factor [1] indicating the average number of switching events per clock cycle by the transistors in the chip (as a unitless quantity) and f is the clock frequency. [2]
Clock rate Turbo TDP L3 cache Interface Release Date Price Clarksfield Extreme mobile 4 (8) Socket G1. rPGA 988 Core i7 Extreme 940XM 2.13 GHz Yes 55 W 8 MB * DMI * 2x DDR3-1333 * PCIe 1 x16 / 2 x8 2010-06-21 $1096 920XM 2.0 GHz 2009-09-23 $1054 Quad-core mobile Performande mobile Core i7 840QM 1.86 GHz 45 W 2010-06-21 $568 820QM 1.73 GHz 2009 ...
Thus, Intel describes a 20-lane QPI link pair (send and receive) with a 3.2 GHz clock as having a data rate of 25.6 GB/s. A clock rate of 2.4 GHz yields a data rate of 19.2 GB/s. More generally, by this definition a two-link 20-lane QPI transfers eight bytes per clock cycle, four in each direction. The rate is computed as follows: 3.2 GHz
The Intel Core i7-975 Extreme Edition was considered the world's fastest desktop processor (until the i7-980x) by a review from Hot Hardware. It runs at a clock rate of 3.33 GHz with Turbo Boost clock rates running the processor up 3.46 GHz with all four cores put at work and 3.6 GHz with a single core at work.
The increased clock rate is limited by the processor's power, current, and thermal limits, the number of cores currently in use, and the maximum frequency of the active cores. [ 1 ] Turbo-Boost-enabled processors are the Core i3 , Core i5 , Core i7 , Core i9 and Xeon series [ 1 ] manufactured since 2008, more particularly, those based on the ...
The frequency at which a processor (CPU) operates is determined by applying a clock multiplier to the front-side bus (FSB) speed in some cases. For example, a processor running at 3200 MHz might be using a 400 MHz FSB. This means there is an internal clock multiplier setting (also called bus/core ratio) of 8. That is, the CPU is set to run at 8 ...