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Compressor characteristic is a mathematical curve that shows the behaviour of a fluid going through a dynamic compressor.It shows changes in fluid pressure, temperature, entropy, flow rate etc.) with the compressor operating at different speeds.
Dimensionless numbers (or characteristic numbers) have an important role in analyzing the behavior of fluids and their flow as well as in other transport phenomena. [1] They include the Reynolds and the Mach numbers, which describe as ratios the relative magnitude of fluid and physical system characteristics, such as density, viscosity, speed of sound, and flow speed.
For example, if the static compression ratio is 10:1, and the dynamic compression ratio is 7.5:1, a useful value for cylinder pressure would be 7.5 1.3 × atmospheric pressure, or 13.7 bar (relative to atmospheric pressure). The two corrections for dynamic compression ratio affect cylinder pressure in opposite directions, but not in equal strength.
8-speed PowerLine Model Gener-ation Version Pro-duction Period Engine Orien-tation Gear Ratios [a] Layout Cou-pling Control 1st Top Count [b] Span [c] Step [d] Center [e] Power Flow [f] Gear-sets [g] Brakes Clutch-es 8AP 600 T [h] 600 N⋅m (443 lb⋅ft) 2017 – Present Longitudinal: 4.8889 0.6389 8 7.6522 1.3374 1.7673 P & S 4 2 3 Torque ...
The main objective in replacing the predecessor model was to improve vehicle fuel economy with extra speeds and a wider gear span to allow the engine speed level to be lowered (downspeeding). The layout brings the ability to shift in a non-sequential manner – going from gear 6 to gear 2 in extreme situations simply by changing one shift ...
The ZF S5-31 transmission is a five-speed manual transmission by ZF Friedrichshafen. The transmission is designed for use in longitudinal engine applications. The transmission is rated for 310 Nm (229 lbf ·ft) of torque. The transmission weighs ~39 kg (86 lb), and holds 1.3 litres of transmission fluid. [1]
Gear Ratio −3.4025 [l] ... Oil capacity: ~10.5 ... 1999 (DRN/EKX) transmissions used Induction speed sensors and 2000+ (FAS) transmissions used Hall Effect sensors. ...
Air–fuel ratio (AFR) is the mass ratio of air to a solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel present in a combustion process. The combustion may take place in a controlled manner such as in an internal combustion engine or industrial furnace, or may result in an explosion (e.g., a dust explosion).