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Milk thistle is believed to give some remedy for liver diseases (e.g. viral hepatitis) and the extract, silymarin, is used in medicine. Mild gastrointestinal distress is the most common adverse event reported for milk thistle. The incidence is the same as for placebo. [10] A laxative effect for milk thistle has also been reported infrequently. [11]
Silybum marianum is a species of thistle.It has various common names including milk thistle, [1] blessed milkthistle, [2] Marian thistle, Mary thistle, Saint Mary's thistle, Mediterranean milk thistle, variegated thistle and Scotch thistle (not to be confused with Onopordum acanthium or Cirsium vulgare).
Silibinin (), also known as silybin (both from Silybum, the generic name of the plant from which it is extracted), is the major active constituent of silymarin, a standardized extract of the milk thistle, containing a mixture of flavonolignans consisting of silibinin, isosilibinin, silychristin, silidianin, and others.
Beyond adverse effects from the herb itself, "adulteration, inappropriate formulation, or lack of understanding of plant and drug interactions have led to adverse reactions that are sometimes life threatening or lethal." [3]
Recently, Silybum marianum or blessed milk thistle has been shown to protect the liver from amanita toxins and promote regrowth of damaged cells. [6] [better source needed] [7] Orellanine: This toxin generally causes no symptoms for 3–20 days after ingestion.
Silychristin (also known as silichristin) is a natural product and one of the constituents of silymarin, the standardized, active extract of the fruit of milk thistle, Silybum marianum. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is the second most abundant constituent in silymarin, after silybin . [ 3 ]
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