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  2. Phase-contrast microscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-contrast_microscopy

    Phase-contrast microscopy is particularly important in biology. It reveals many cellular structures that are invisible with a bright-field microscope, as exemplified in the figure. These structures were made visible to earlier microscopists by staining, but this required additional preparation and death of the cells. The phase-contrast ...

  3. Phase-contrast imaging - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-contrast_imaging

    In the field of transmission electron microscopy, phase-contrast imaging may be employed to image columns of individual atoms; a more common name is high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. It is the highest resolution imaging technique ever developed, and can allow for resolutions of less than one angstrom (less than 0.1 nanometres).

  4. Differential interference contrast microscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_interference...

    Micrasterias furcata imaged in transmitted DIC microscopy Laser-induced optical damage in LiNbO 3 under 150× Nomarski microscopy. Differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy, also known as Nomarski interference contrast (NIC) or Nomarski microscopy, is an optical microscopy technique used to enhance the contrast in unstained, transparent samples.

  5. Transmission electron microscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_electron...

    The contrast between two adjacent areas in a TEM image can be defined as the difference in the electron densities in image plane. Due to the scattering of the incident beam by the sample, the amplitude and phase of the electron wave change, which results in amplitude contrast and phase contrast, correspondingly. Most images have both contrast ...

  6. Fluorescence interference contrast microscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorescence_interference...

    Fitting the curve to the 16 data points would give the height of the fluorophores above the oxide surface. The basic analysis involves fitting the intensity data with the theoretical model allowing the distance of the fluorophore above the oxide surface to be a free parameter. The FLIC curves shift to the left as the distance of the fluorophore ...

  7. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-resolution...

    For disambiguation, the technique is also often referred to as phase contrast transmission electron microscopy, although this term is less appropriate. At present, the highest point resolution realised in high resolution transmission electron microscopy is around 0.5 ångströms (0.050 nm ). [ 3 ]

  8. Interferometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interferometry

    Phase contrast and differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy are important tools in biology and medicine. Most animal cells and single-celled organisms have very little color, and their intracellular organelles are almost totally invisible under simple bright field illumination.

  9. Live-cell imaging - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Live-cell_imaging

    [20] [21] Quantitative phase-contrast microscopy has an advantage over fluorescent and phase-contrast microscopy in that it is both non-invasive and quantitative in its nature. Due to the narrow focal depth of conventional microscopy, live-cell imaging is to a large extent currently limited to observing cells on a single plane.