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A blast shelter is a place where people ... blast shelters are civil engineering structures that contain large buried tubes or pipes such as sewage or rapid transit ...
A Bremer wall, or T-wall, is a twelve-foot-tall (3.66 m) portable, steel-reinforced concrete blast wall of the type used for blast protection throughout Iraq and Afghanistan. The Bremer barrier resembles the smaller 3-foot-tall (0.91 m) Jersey barrier, which has been used widely for vehicle traffic control on coalition military bases in Iraq ...
The most common purpose-built structure is a buried, steel reinforced concrete vault or arch. Most expedient blast shelters are civil engineering structures that contain large, buried tubes or pipes such as sewage or rapid transit tunnels. Improvised purpose-built blast shelters normally use earthen arches or vaults.
In the United States, the International Building Code and ASTM International define Exterior Insulation and Finish System (EIFS) as a non-load-bearing exterior wall cladding system that consists of an insulation board attached either adhesively, mechanically, or both, to the substrate; an integrally reinforced base coat; and a textured protective finish coat.
The bonding pattern describes the alignment of the bricks. Many standard bond patterns have been defined, including stretcher bond. [6] [7] Each stretcher (brick laid lengthwise) is offset by half a brick relative to the courses above and below of English bond. Stretchers and headers are laid with alternating courses aligned to one another.
Stronger and less porous engineering bricks (UK Class A) are usually blue due to the higher firing temperature [3] whilst class B bricks are usually red. Class A bricks have a strength of 125 N/mm 2 (18,100 lb f /sq in) and water absorption of less than 4.5%; Class B bricks have a strength greater than 75 N/mm 2 (10,900 lb f /sq in) and water ...
D E P A R T M E N T O F S T A T E September 5, 2007 2 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Table of Contents SECTION SLIDE Highlights 1. Defeat the Terrorists and Neutralize the Insurgents 2. Transition Iraq to Security Self-Reliance
Blast walls perform best if the explosion is relatively close to the front of the wall [1] "Canopied" walls (with a top section overhanging the front face) show some improved blast protection over plane walls; A 90-degree canopy is more effective than a 45-degree one [2] Walls containing sand or water work well, and cause little damage if they fail