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If an off-shore wind of 8 knots (15 km/h) exists, the sea breeze is not likely to develop. At night, the land cools off more quickly than the ocean due to differences in their specific heat values, which forces the daytime sea breeze to dissipate. If the temperature onshore cools below the temperature offshore, the pressure over the water will ...
The land breeze at nighttime is usually shallower than the sea breeze in daytime. Unlike the daytime sea breeze, which is driven by convection, the nighttime land breeze is driven by convergence [definition needed]. [citation needed] The term offshore wind refers to any wind over open water, which is related to but not synonymous with offshore ...
Direction shown by smoke drift but not by wind vanes 2 Light breeze 4–6 knots 4–7 mph 6–11 km/h 1.6–3.3 m/s 1–2 ft 0.3–0.6 m Small wavelets still short but more pronounced; crests have a glassy appearance but do not break Wind felt on face; leaves rustle; wind vane moved by wind 3 Gentle breeze 7–10 knots 8–12 mph 12–19 km/h
The thermal wind is the difference in the geostrophic wind between two levels in the atmosphere. It exists only in an atmosphere with horizontal temperature gradients. [5] The ageostrophic wind component is the difference between actual and geostrophic wind, which is responsible for air "filling up" cyclones over time. [6]
Diurnal wind system variation in the Appalachian mountain range. Mountain and valley breezes form through a process similar to sea and land breezes. During the day, the sun heats up mountain air rapidly while the valley remains relatively cooler. Convection causes it to rise, causing a valley breeze. At night, the process is reversed.
Kaimai Breeze (turbulent wind with strong downdrafts in the Kaimai Range of North Island, New Zealand) [17] Nor'wester (wind that brings rain to the West Coast, and warm dry winds to the East Coast of New Zealand 's South Island , caused by the moist prevailing winds being uplifted over the Southern Alps , often accompanied by a distinctive ...
Also actiniform. Describing a collection of low-lying, radially structured clouds with distinct shapes (resembling leaves or wheels in satellite imagery), and typically organized in extensive mesoscale fields over marine environments. They are closely related to and sometimes considered a variant of stratocumulus clouds. actinometer A scientific instrument used to measure the heating power of ...
The Santa Anas are katabatic winds (Greek for "flowing downhill") arising in higher altitudes and blowing down towards sea level. [7] The National Weather Service defines Santa Ana winds as "a weather condition [in southern California] in which strong, hot, dust-bearing winds descend to the Pacific Coast around Los Angeles from inland desert regions".