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Workplace deviance may be expressed in various ways. Employees can engage in minor, extreme, nonviolent or violent behavior, which ultimately leads to an organization's decline in productivity. Interpersonal and organizational deviance are two forms of workplace deviance which are directed differently; however, both cause harm to an organization.
Workplace bullying overlaps to some degree with workplace incivility but tends to encompass more intense and typically repeated acts of disregard and rudeness. Negative spirals of increasing incivility between organizational members can result in bullying, [ 18 ] but isolated acts of incivility are not conceptually bullying despite the apparent ...
Workplace deviance is behavior at work that violates norms for appropriate behavior. [3] Retaliation consists of harmful behaviors done by employees to get back at someone who has treated them unfairly. [4] Workplace revenge are behaviors by employees intended to hurt another person who has done something harmful to them. [5]
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Workplace deviance is closely related to abusive supervision. Abusive supervision is defined as the "subordinates' perceptions of the extent to which their supervisors engage in the sustained display of hostile verbal and nonverbal behaviors". [ 5 ]
Examples of workplace incivility include insulting comments, denigration of the target's work, spreading false rumors, and social isolation. Cortina (2008) conceptualizes incivility that amounts to covert practices of sexism and/or racism in the workplace as selective incivility. [ 25 ]
For example, disclosure of sexual orientation in the workplace leads to greater job satisfaction and lower job anxiety if positive reactions to disclosures are received from co-workers. [41] In other words, receiving positive reactions from interaction partners through disclosure can lead to positive outcomes in the workplace.
Emotions in the workplace play a large role in how an entire organization communicates within itself and to the outside world. "Events at work have real emotional impact on participants. The consequences of emotional states in the workplace, both behaviors and attitudes, have substantial significance for individuals, groups, and society". [1] "