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Capacity planning is the process of determining the production capacity needed by an organization to meet changing demands for its products. [1] In the context of capacity planning, design capacity is the maximum amount of work that an organization or individual is capable of completing in a given period.
Capacity utilization or capacity utilisation is the extent to which a firm or nation employs its installed productive capacity (maximum output of a firm or nation). It is the relationship between output that is produced with the installed equipment, and the potential output which could be produced with it, if capacity was fully used. [ 1 ]
Productive capacity is the maximum possible output of an economy. According to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), no agreed-upon definition of maximum output exists. UNCTAD itself proposes: "the productive resources , entrepreneurial capabilities and production linkages which together determine the capacity of a ...
The actual production is also influenced by local factors such as dust and ambient temperature, which ideally should be low. As for any power station, the maximum possible power production is the nameplate capacity times the number of hours in a year, while the actual production is the amount of electricity delivered annually to the grid.
Manufacturing Resource Planning or Management resource planning (or MRP2) - Around 1980, over-frequent changes in sales forecasts, entailing continual readjustments in production, as well as the unsuitability of the parameters fixed by the system, led MRP (Material Requirement Planning) to evolve into a new concept .
A critical factor in production planning is "the accurate estimation of the productive capacity of available resources, yet this is one of the most difficult tasks to perform well". [7] Production planning should always take "into account material availability, resource availability and knowledge of future demand".
Overall equipment effectiveness [1] (OEE) is a measure of how well a manufacturing operation is utilized (facilities, time and material) compared to its full potential, during the periods when it is scheduled to run.
Production runs to replenish inventory are made at regular intervals; During a production run, the production of items is continuous and at a constant rate; Production set-up/ordering cost is fixed (independent of quantity produced) The lead time is fixed; The purchase price of the item is constant, i.e. no discount is available