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Also shown in this example (shaded in yellow) is the network's connection to the Internet via fixed-line means. A local area network (LAN) is a computer network that interconnects computers within a limited area such as a residence, campus, or building, [1] [2] [3] and has its network equipment and interconnects locally managed. LANs facilitate ...
A network operating system (NOS) is a specialized operating system for a network device such as a router, switch or firewall.. Historically operating systems with networking capabilities were described as network operating systems, because they allowed personal computers (PCs) to participate in computer networks and shared file and printer access within a local area network (LAN).
For example, the sample diagram does not indicate the physical type of connection between the PCs and the switch, but since a modern LAN is depicted, Ethernet may be assumed. If the same style of line was used in a WAN (wide area network) diagram, however, it may indicate a different type of connection.
Software-defined networking (SDN) is an approach to network management that uses abstraction to enable dynamic and programmatically efficient network configuration to create grouping and segmentation while improving network performance and monitoring in a manner more akin to cloud computing than to traditional network management. [1]
The application programming interface (API) for the network protocol stack creates a handle for each socket created by an application, commonly referred to as a socket descriptor. In Unix-like operating systems, this descriptor is a type of file descriptor. It is stored by the application process for use with every read and write operation on ...
Network operating systems (NOSs) are operating systems that provide support for computer networking in addition to traditional hardware support. These were an important sub-class of conventional operating systems from the 1980s into the 1990s during the introduction of the early local area network (LAN) systems. As personal computers grew in ...
Other examples of software are Microsoft Network Software for File and Printer Sharing and Unix/Linux Network File System Client for access to shared file resources. Application-layer functions typically include file sharing, message handling, and database access, through the most common protocols at the application layer, known as HTTP, FTP ...
A computer network diagram of clients communicating with a server via the Internet. The client–server model is a distributed application structure that partitions tasks or workloads between the providers of a resource or service, called servers, and service requesters, called clients. [1]