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  2. Vestibular fold - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vestibular_fold

    The vestibular fold (ventricular fold, superior or false vocal cord) is one of two thick folds of mucous membrane, each enclosing a narrow band of fibrous tissue, the vestibular ligament, which is attached in front to the angle of the thyroid cartilage immediately below the attachment of the epiglottis, and behind to the antero-lateral surface of the arytenoid cartilage, a short distance above ...

  3. Vocal cords - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocal_cords

    The study on vocal fold wound healing is not as extensive as that on animal models due to the limited availability of human vocal folds. Vocal fold injuries can have a number of causes including chronic overuse, chemical, thermal and mechanical trauma such as smoking, laryngeal cancer, and surgery.

  4. Endoscopic laser cordectomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoscopic_laser_cordectomy

    Endoscopic laser cordectomy, also known as Kashima operation, [1] is an endoscopic laser surgical procedure performed for treating the respiratory difficulty caused as a result of bilateral abductor vocal fold paralysis. Bilateral vocal fold paralysis is basically a result of abnormal nerve input to the laryngeal muscles, resulting in weak or ...

  5. Arytenoid adduction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arytenoid_Adduction

    Many cases of vocal cord paralysis result from trauma during surgery. [2] Symptoms include hoarseness of voice, difficulty projecting, difficulty swallowing, and throat pain. [citation needed] The arytenoid adduction procedure alleviates these symptoms by manually positioning the paralyzed vocal cord towards the midline.

  6. Feminization laryngoplasty - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminization_laryngoplasty

    Instead, an alternative procedure, Vocal Fold Shortening and Retrodisplacement of the Anterior Commissure (VFSRAC), a type of modified Wendler Glottoplasty, is generally recommended as it preserves the ability to sing. [21] Vocal Fold Muscle Reduction, a standalone laser tuning procedure, can also be considered for professional voice users as well.

  7. Thyroplasty - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroplasty

    There are four different types of thyroplasty procedures described by Isshiki: Type 1 thyroplasty – Medialization of the vocal folds (most common surgery for unilateral vocal cord paralysis). Type 2 thyroplasty – Lateralization of the vocal folds (in case of airway insufficiency after Laryngeal trauma).

  8. Laryngectomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laryngectomy

    Laryngectomy is the removal of the larynx.In a total laryngectomy, the entire larynx is removed (including the vocal folds, hyoid bone, epiglottis, thyroid and cricoid cartilage and a few tracheal cartilage rings) with the separation of the airway from the mouth, nose and esophagus. [1]

  9. Laryngeal vestibule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laryngeal_vestibule

    It contains the vestibular folds, and between these and the vocal folds are the laryngeal ventricles. [1] The vestibule is an opening in the lateral wall of the larynx, between the vestibular fold above and the vocal folds below. It is the inlet to another cavity in the lateral wall of larynx, the laryngeal ventricle.