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Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) also known as acute myeloid leukemia 1 protein (AML1) or core-binding factor subunit alpha-2 (CBFA2) and it is a protein that is encoded by the RUNX1 gene, in humans. [5] [6] RUNX1 is a transcription factor that regulates the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells into mature blood cells. [7]
Lymphoma is one of the most common malignant tumors to occur in dogs. [citation needed] The cause is genetic, but there are also suspected environmental factors involved, [1] including in one study an increased risk with the use of the herbicide 2,4-D. [2] This risk was not confirmed in another study. [3]
The heterogeneity of its development encompasses inherited, epigenetic, and environmental factors. [2] [3] The selective breeding techniques used with domestic dogs causes certain breeds to be at high risk for specific cancers. Selection for specific phenotypes in dog breeding causes long-range linkage disequilibrium in their DNA. [1]
Most bruises occur close enough to the epidermis such that the bleeding causes a visible discoloration. The bruise then remains visible until the blood is either absorbed by tissues or cleared by immune system action. Bruises which do not blanch under pressure can involve capillaries at the level of skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle, or bone ...
A myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is one of a group of cancers in which blood cells in the bone marrow do not mature, and as a result, do not develop into healthy blood cells. [3] Early on, no symptoms typically are seen. [3] Later, symptoms may include fatigue, shortness of breath, bleeding disorders, anemia, or frequent infections. [3]
Occasionally, spread may occur to the brain, skin, or gums. [1] As an acute leukemia, AML progresses rapidly, and is typically fatal within weeks or months if left untreated. [1] Risk factors include getting older, being male, [6] smoking, previous chemotherapy or radiation therapy, myelodysplastic syndrome, and exposure to the chemical benzene ...
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a cancer of the lymphoid line of blood cells characterized by the development of large numbers of immature lymphocytes. [1] Symptoms may include feeling tired, pale skin color, fever, easy bleeding or bruising, enlarged lymph nodes, or bone pain. [1]
This occurs most commonly after the treatment of lymphomas and leukemias and in particular when treating non-Hodgkin lymphoma, acute myeloid leukemia, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] This is a potentially fatal complication and people at an increased risk for TLS should be closely monitored while receiving chemotherapy and should ...