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The mitotic index is a measure of cellular proliferation. [1] It is defined as the percentage of cells undergoing mitosis in a given population of cells. Mitosis is the division of somatic cells into two daughter cells. Durations of the cell cycle and mitosis vary in different cell types. An elevated mitotic index indicates more cells are dividing.
Mitotic counting has also been shown in multiple studies to have prognostic value in breast cancer, where a lower count of mitotic cells correlates with a more favorable outcome, and thus has been incorporated into part of the histological grading system.
Early Mitotic Inhibitor 1 (EMI1) is an important cell cycle regulator which ensures timely mitotic entry by primarily inhibiting Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C) activity. This protein is present in many organisms including Xenopus, Zebrafish, Drosophila (homologous protein: Rca1), and Humans (also often known as F-box only protein ...
In histopathology, the mitosis rate (mitotic count or mitotic index) is an important parameter in various types of tissue samples, for diagnosis as well as to further specify the aggressiveness of tumors. For example, there is routinely a quantification of mitotic count in breast cancer classification. [74]
Scientists study the behaviour of isolated cells grown in the laboratory for insights into how cells function in the body in health and disease.
The structure of paclitaxel, a widely used mitotic inhibitor. A mitotic inhibitor, microtubule inhibitor, or tubulin inhibitor, is a drug that inhibits mitosis, or cell division, and is used in treating cancer, gout, and nail fungus. These drugs disrupt microtubules, which are structures that pull the chromosomes apart when a cell divides.
A mitotic inhibitor (colchicine, colcemid) is then added to the culture. This stops cell division at mitosis which allows an increased yield of mitotic cells for analysis. The cells are then centrifuged and media and mitotic inhibitor are removed, and replaced with a hypotonic solution.
Mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine-protein kinase BUB1 also known as BUB1 (budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the BUB1 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Bub1 is a serine/threonine protein kinase first identified in genetic screens of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) . [ 7 ]