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  2. Binary Alignment Map - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_Alignment_Map

    Binary Alignment Map (BAM) is the comprehensive raw data of genome sequencing; [1] it consists of the lossless, compressed binary representation of the Sequence Alignment Map-files. [2] [3] BAM is the compressed binary representation of SAM (Sequence Alignment Map), a compact and index-able representation of nucleotide sequence alignments. [4]

  3. FASTQ format - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FASTQ_format

    Raw PacBio subreads use the same convention but typically assign a placeholder base quality (Q0) to all bases in the read. [7] Oxford Nanopore Duplex reads, called using the dorado basecaller are typically stored in SAM/BAM format. After changing to a 16-bit internal quality representation, the reported base quality limit is q50 (S). [8]

  4. SAMtools - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAMtools

    samtools sort -m 5000000 unsorted_in.bam sorted_out. Read the specified unsorted_in.bam as input, sort it in blocks up to 5 million k (5 Gb) [units verification needed] and write output to a series of bam files named sorted_out.0000.bam, sorted_out.0001.bam, etc., where all bam 0 reads come before any bam 1 read, etc. [verification needed] index

  5. Sequence alignment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequence_alignment

    Word methods identify a series of short, nonoverlapping subsequences ("words") in the query sequence that are then matched to candidate database sequences. The relative positions of the word in the two sequences being compared are subtracted to obtain an offset; this will indicate a region of alignment if multiple distinct words produce the ...

  6. SAM (file format) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAM_(file_format)

    The SAM format consists of a header and an alignment section. [1] The binary equivalent of a SAM file is a Binary Alignment Map (BAM) file, which stores the same data in a compressed binary representation. [4]

  7. FASTA format - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FASTA_format

    The format allows for sequence names and comments to precede the sequences. It originated from the FASTA software package and has since become a near-universal standard in bioinformatics. [4] The simplicity of FASTA format makes it easy to manipulate and parse sequences using text-processing tools and scripting languages.

  8. CRAM (file format) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRAM_(file_format)

    Compressed Reference-oriented Alignment Map (CRAM) is a compressed columnar file format for storing biological sequences aligned to a reference sequence, initially devised by Markus Hsi-Yang Fritz et al. [1] CRAM was designed to be an efficient reference-based alternative to the Sequence Alignment Map (SAM) and Binary Alignment Map (BAM) file ...

  9. Pacific Biosciences - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Biosciences

    Pacific Biosciences of California, Inc. (aka PacBio) is an American biotechnology company founded in 2004 that develops and manufactures systems for gene sequencing ...