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Lung volumes and lung capacities refer to the volume of air in the lungs at different phases of the respiratory cycle. The average total lung capacity of an adult human male is about 6 litres of air.
This article looks at lung volumes and capacities, their measurements and effects of common pathology. This division allows for assessment of the mechanical condition of the lungs, its musculature, airway resistance and the effectiveness of gas exchange at the alveolar membrane.
Lung volumes are also known as respiratory volumes. It refers to the volume of gas in the lungs at a given time during the respiratory cycle. Lung capacities are derived from a summation of different lung volumes. The average total lung capacity of an adult human male is about 6 litres of air.
Lung capacity or total lung capacity (TLC) is the volume of air in the lungs upon the maximum effort of inspiration. Among healthy adults, the average lung capacity is about 6 liters. Age, gender, body composition, and ethnicity are factors affecting the different ranges of lung capacity among individuals.
Four standard lung volumes, namely, tidal (TV), inspiratory reserve (IRV), expiratory reserve (ERV), and residual volumes (RV) are described in the literature. Alternatively, the standard lung capacities are inspiratory (IC), functional residual (FRC), vital (VC) and total lung capacities (TLC).
There are four major types of respiratory volumes: tidal, residual, inspiratory reserve, and expiratory reserve (Figure 63.1). Tidal volume (TV) is the amount of air that normally enters the lungs during quiet breathing, which is about 500 milliliters.
Four standard lung volumes, namely, tidal (TV), inspiratory reserve (IRV), expiratory reserve (ERV), and residual volumes (RV) are described in the literature. Alternatively, the standard lung capacities are inspiratory (IC), functional residual (FRC), vital (VC) and total lung capacities (TLC).
The volume of air occupying the lungs at different phases of the respiratory cycle subdivides into four volumes and four capacities.
Lung volumes refer to the volume of air in the lungs, measured at various phases of the respiratory cycle. Major lung volumes include the tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume , expiratory reserve volume , and the residual volume .
Lung volumes are measured by determining functional residual capacity (FRC). FRC is the amount of air remaining in the lungs after normal exhalation. The total lung capacity (TLC) is the volume of gas that is contained in the lungs at the end of maximal inspiration.