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Dermanyssus gallinae (also known as the red mite) is a haematophagous ectoparasite of poultry.It has been implicated as a vector of several major pathogenic diseases. [1] [2] Despite its common names, it has a wide range of hosts including several species of wild birds and mammals, including humans, where the condition it causes is called gamasoidosis.
Diseases associated with this family include feline calicivirus (respiratory disease), rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (often fatal hepatitis), and Norwalk group of viruses (gastroenteritis). [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Caliciviruses naturally infect vertebrates , and have been found in a number of organisms such as humans , cattle , pigs , cats , chickens ...
Tularemia, also known as rabbit fever, is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Francisella tularensis. [4] Symptoms may include fever , skin ulcers , and enlarged lymph nodes . [ 3 ] Occasionally, a form that results in pneumonia or a throat infection may occur.
The rabbits ingest sporulated oocysts. [1] Sporulated oocysts contain sporozoites that hatch and travel via the hepatic portal vein to the liver, and eventually penetrate the bile duct epithelium, where they undergo asexual reproduction known as schizogony. Rupture of the schizont consequently causes epithelial cell rupture and death.
Prevalence in pet rabbits is high, with 23–75% having antibodies to the disease. Studies of healthy dogs have found a 0–38% prevalence. Studies of healthy dogs have found a 0–38% prevalence. Cats appear to be relatively resistant to the organism, although experimental infections in kittens with feline leukemia virus have been described.
Coccidiosis is a significant disease for chickens, especially affecting the young chicks. It can be fatal or leave the bird with compromised digestion. There are chick feed mixes that contain a coccidiostat to manage exposure levels and control disease. In an outbreak, coccidiocidal medications are given. Examples are toltrazuril (Baycox) or ...
It causes chronic respiratory disease (CRD) in chickens and infectious sinusitis in turkeys, chickens, game birds, pigeons, and passerine birds of all ages. [1] [2] Mycoplasma gallisepticum is a significant pathogen in poultry. Mycoplasmosis is the disease caused by infection with mycoplasmas. Mycoplasmas have many defining characteristics.
Trichostrongylus species are nematodes (round worms), which are ubiquitous among herbivores worldwide, including cattle, sheep, donkeys, goats, deer, and rabbits. [1] [2] [3] At least 10 Trichostrongylus species have been associated with human infections. [1] Infections occur via ingestion of infective larvae from contaminated vegetables or water.