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The concept of residence time originated in models of chemical reactors. The first such model was an axial dispersion model by Irving Langmuir in 1908. This received little attention for 45 years; other models were developed such as the plug flow reactor model and the continuous stirred-tank reactor, and the concept of a washout function (representing the response to a sudden change in the ...
The continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR), also known as vat-or backmix reactor, mixed flow reactor (MFR), or a continuous-flow stirred-tank reactor (CFSTR), is a common model for a chemical reactor in chemical engineering and environmental engineering. A CSTR often refers to a model used to estimate the key unit operation variables when using ...
Space velocity may refer to: Space velocity (astronomy) , the velocity of a star in the galactic coordinate system Space velocity (chemistry) , the relation between volumetric flow rate and reactor volume in a chemical reactor
where the space-time is defined to be the ratio of the reactor volume to volumetric flow rate. It is the time required for a slug of fluid to pass through the reactor. For a decomposition reaction, the rate of reaction is proportional to some power of the concentration of .
Rolls-Royce has been working on nuclear-microreactor technology for over three years, first collaborating with the UK Space Agency in 2021. Rolls-Royce is in talks to use its compact nuclear ...
Pulsed nuclear thermal rocket unit cell concept for I sp amplification. In this cell, hydrogen-propellant is heated by the continuous intense neutronic pulses in the propellant channels. At the same time, the unwanted energy from the fission fragments is removed by a solitary cooling channel with lithium or other liquid metal.
Another concept, is the effective fraction of delayed neutrons β eff, which is the fraction of delayed neutrons weighted (over space, energy, and angle) on the adjoint neutron flux. This concept arises because delayed neutrons are emitted with an energy spectrum more thermalized relative to prompt neutrons.
Once emitted, the average neutron lifetime in a typical core is on the order of a millisecond, so if the exponential factor is as small as 0.01, then in one second the reactor power will vary by a factor of (1 + 0.01) 1000, or more than ten thousand. Nuclear weapons are engineered to maximize the power growth rate, with lifetimes well under a ...