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A major environmental factor that increases vulnerability to developing addiction is availability of drugs. Additionally, socioeconomic status and poor familial relationships have been shown to be contributing factors in the initiation and continued use of alcohol or other drugs. [15]
Unlike negative affect, positive affect is related to addiction in both high and low forms. For example, individuals high in positive affect are more likely to engage in risky behaviour, such as drug use. Individuals with high positive affect in response to use are more likely to seek out substances for hedonic reasons. Conversely, low positive ...
An addictive personality refers to a hypothesized set of personality traits that make an individual predisposed to developing addictions.This hypothesis states that there may be common personality traits observable in people suffering from addiction; however, the lack of a universally agreed upon definition has marked the research surrounding addictive personality.
Chemistry, not moral failing, accounts for the brain’s unwinding. In the laboratories that study drug addiction, researchers have found that the brain becomes conditioned by the repeated dopamine rush caused by heroin. “The brain is not designed to handle it,” said Dr. Ruben Baler, a scientist with the National Institute on Drug Abuse.
Of these, 27 million have high-risk drug use—otherwise known as recurrent drug use—causing harm to their health, causing psychological problems, and or causing social problems that put them at risk of those dangers. [2] [3] In 2015, substance use disorders resulted in 307,400 deaths, up from 165,000 deaths in 1990.
GLP-1 receptor agonists are already being used to treat alcohol use disorder in some circumstances, Dr. Sarhan says, noting that this is a growing trend in addiction disorder medicine.
Genetic factors, along with socio-environmental (e.g., psychosocial) factors, have been established as significant contributors to addiction vulnerability. [3] [93] [95] [12] Studies done on 350 hospitalized drug-dependent patients showed that over half met the criteria for alcohol abuse, with a role of familial factors being prevalent. [96]
Studies have proven that genetic variations and differences in our neurobiology can alter an individual's vulnerability to developing an addiction. [32] Estimates have shown that around 40%-60% of the susceptibility of an individual to develop an addiction to drugs, nicotine, and alcohol is allotted to genetic variables. [32]