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  2. Exponentiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponentiation

    In the base ten number system, integer powers of 10 are written as the digit 1 followed or preceded by a number of zeroes determined by the sign and magnitude of the exponent. For example, 10 3 = 1000 and 104 = 0.0001. Exponentiation with base 10 is used in scientific notation to denote large or small numbers.

  3. Knuth's up-arrow notation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knuth's_up-arrow_notation

    The sequence starts with a unary operation (the successor function with n = 0), and continues with the binary operations of addition (n = 1), multiplication (n = 2), exponentiation (n = 3), tetration (n = 4), pentation (n = 5), etc. Various notations have been used to represent hyperoperations.

  4. Power of 10 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_of_10

    In mathematics, a power of 10 is any of the integer powers of the number ten; in other words, ten multiplied by itself a certain number of times (when the power is a positive integer). By definition, the number one is a power (the zeroth power ) of ten.

  5. Scientific notation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_notation

    Any real number can be written in the form m × 10 ^ n in many ways: for example, 350 can be written as 3.5 × 10 2 or 35 × 10 1 or 350 × 10 0. In normalized scientific notation (called "standard form" in the United Kingdom), the exponent n is chosen so that the absolute value of m remains at least one but less than ten ( 1 ≤ | m | < 10 ).

  6. Power of two - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_of_two

    The only known powers of 2 with all digits even are 2 1 = 2, 2 2 = 4, 2 3 = 8, 2 6 = 64 and 2 11 = 2048. [12] The first 3 powers of 2 with all but last digit odd is 2 4 = 16, 2 5 = 32 and 2 9 = 512. The next such power of 2 of form 2 n should have n of at least 6 digits.

  7. Fifth power (algebra) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_power_(algebra)

    In arithmetic and algebra, the fifth power or sursolid [1] of a number n is the result of multiplying five instances of n together: n 5 = n × n × n × n × n . Fifth powers are also formed by multiplying a number by its fourth power , or the square of a number by its cube .

  8. Tetration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetration

    In 2017, it was proven [15] that there exists a unique function F which is a solution of the equation F(z + 1) = exp(F(z)) and satisfies the additional conditions that F(0) = 1 and F(z) approaches the fixed points of the logarithm (roughly 0.318 ± 1.337i) as z approaches ±i∞ and that F is holomorphic in the whole complex z-plane, except the ...

  9. Rounding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rounding

    For example, 1.6 would be rounded to 1 with probability 0.4 and to 2 with probability 0.6. Stochastic rounding can be accurate in a way that a rounding function can never be. For example, suppose one started with 0 and added 0.3 to that one hundred times while rounding the running total between every addition.