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  2. History of gravitational theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_gravitational...

    Brahmagupta (c. 598 – c. 668 AD) was the first Indian scholar to describe gravity as an attractive force: [38] [39] [failed verification] [40] [41] [failed verification] The earth on all its sides is the same; all people on the earth stand upright, and all heavy things fall down to the earth by a law of nature, for it is the nature of the ...

  3. Newton's law of universal gravitation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_law_of_universal...

    The publication of the law has become known as the "first great unification", as it marked the unification of the previously described phenomena of gravity on Earth with known astronomical behaviors. [1] [2] [3] This is a general physical law derived from empirical observations by what Isaac Newton called inductive reasoning. [4]

  4. Timeline of knowledge about galaxies, clusters of galaxies ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_knowledge...

    2013 – The galaxy Z8 GND 5296 is confirmed by spectroscopy to be one of the most distant galaxies found up to this time. Formed just 700 million years after the Big Bang , expansion of the universe has carried it to its current location, about 13 billion light years away from Earth (30 billion light years comoving distance ).

  5. Timeline of gravitational physics and relativity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_gravitational...

    [250] [251] LIGO-VIRGO and Fermi constrain the difference between the speed of gravity and the speed of light in vacuum to 10 −15. [252] This marks the first time electromagnetic and gravitational waves are detected from a single source, [253] [254] and give direct evidence that some (short) gamma-ray bursts are due to colliding neutron stars ...

  6. Introduction to general relativity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction_to_general...

    But a freely falling reference frame on one side of the Earth cannot explain why the people on the opposite side of the Earth experience a gravitational pull in the opposite direction. A more basic manifestation of the same effect involves two bodies that are falling side by side towards the Earth, with a similar position and velocity.

  7. General relativity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_relativity

    The first term represents the force of Newtonian gravity, which is described by the inverse-square law. The second term represents the centrifugal force in the circular motion. The third term represents the relativistic effect.

  8. Gravitational lens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_lens

    Albert Einstein predicted in 1936 that rays of light from the same direction that skirt the edges of the Sun would converge to a focal point approximately 542 AU from the Sun. [37] Thus, a probe positioned at this distance (or greater) from the Sun could use the Sun as a gravitational lens for magnifying distant objects on the opposite side of ...

  9. Galactic Center - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galactic_Center

    The Galactic Center, as seen by one of the 2MASS infrared telescopes, is located in the bright upper left portion of the image. Marked location of the Galactic Center A starchart of the night sky towards the Galactic Center. The Galactic Center is the barycenter of the Milky Way and a corresponding point on the rotational axis of the galaxy.