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It is usually a combination of a Bode magnitude plot, expressing the magnitude (usually in decibels) of the frequency response, and a Bode phase plot, expressing the phase shift. As originally conceived by Hendrik Wade Bode in the 1930s, the plot is an asymptotic approximation of the frequency response, using straight line segments .
For transfer functions (e.g., Bode plot, chirp) the complete frequency response may be graphed in two parts: power versus frequency and phase versus frequency—the phase spectral density, phase spectrum, or spectral phase. Less commonly, the two parts may be the real and imaginary parts of the transfer function.
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The root locus plots the poles of the closed loop transfer function in the complex s-plane as a function of a gain parameter (see pole–zero plot). Evans also invented in 1948 an analog computer to compute root loci, called a "Spirule" (after "spiral" and " slide rule "); it found wide use before the advent of digital computers .
The coherence (sometimes called magnitude-squared coherence) between two signals x(t) and y(t) is a real-valued function that is defined as: [1] [2] = | | ()where G xy (f) is the Cross-spectral density between x and y, and G xx (f) and G yy (f) the auto spectral density of x and y respectively.
A Campbell diagram plot represents a system's response spectrum as a function of its oscillation regime. It is named for Wilfred Campbell, who introduced the concept. [1] [2] It is also called an interference diagram. [3]
The plots at the bottom show the signal intensity in the indicated row of the image (red: original signal, blue: with noise). Signal-to-noise ratio ( SNR or S/N ) is a measure used in science and engineering that compares the level of a desired signal to the level of background noise .