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Stainless steel, also known as inox, corrosion-resistant steel (CRES), and rustless steel, is an alloy of iron that is resistant to rusting and corrosion. It contains iron with chromium and other elements such as molybdenum , carbon , nickel and nitrogen depending on its specific use and cost.
The materials most resistant to corrosion are those for which corrosion is thermodynamically unfavorable. Any corrosion products of gold or platinum tend to decompose spontaneously into pure metal, which is why these elements can be found in metallic form on Earth and have long been valued. More common "base" metals can only be protected by ...
A noble metal is ordinarily regarded as a metallic element that is generally resistant to corrosion and is usually found in nature in its raw form. Gold , platinum , and the other platinum group metals ( ruthenium , rhodium , palladium , osmium , iridium ) are most often so classified.
Black oxide or blackening is a conversion coating for ferrous materials, stainless steel, copper and copper based alloys, zinc, powdered metals, and silver solder. [1] It is used to add mild corrosion resistance, for appearance, and to minimize light reflection. [ 2 ]
Iridium is the most corrosion-resistant metal known. [22] It is not attacked by acids, including aqua regia, but it can be dissolved in concentrated hydrochloric acid in the presence of sodium perchlorate. In the presence of oxygen, it reacts with cyanide salts. [23]
High-strength low-alloy steel (HSLA) is a type of alloy steel that provides better mechanical properties or greater resistance to corrosion than carbon steel.HSLA steels vary from other steels in that they are not made to meet a specific chemical composition but rather specific mechanical properties.
Type 304 is extensively used in such items as cookware, cutlery, and kitchen equipment. Type 316, also known as A4, is the next most common austenitic stainless steel. Some 300 series, such as Type 316, also contain some molybdenum to promote resistance to acids and increase resistance to localized attack (e.g. pitting and crevice corrosion).
The pitting corrosion resistance of stainless steels is estimated by the pitting resistance equivalent number (PREN). PREN = %Cr + 3.3%Mo + 16%N. Where the Cr, Mo, and N, terms correspond to the contents by weight % of chromium, molybdenum and nitrogen respectively in the steel.
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