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For example, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) with reflux esophagitis is treated with proton pump inhibitors. Esophageal rings or strictures may be treated with esophageal dilation. Simple observation may be considered, [5] especially if symptoms are minimal or absent. If symptoms are severe or persistent, peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM ...
Esophageal inlet patches are well defined areas of mucosa which resemble stomach tissue and are pink or salmon colored. [2] The mucosal surface of an esophageal inlet patch is typically flat, [ 3 ] but may be slightly raised or slightly depressed.
Ceruminous adenocarcinoma is a malignant neoplasm derived from ceruminous glands of the external auditory canal.This tumor is rare, with several names used in the past. [3] [4] Synonyms have included cylindroma, ceruminoma, ceruminous adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified (NOS), ceruminous adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), [1] [2] and ceruminous mucoepidermoid carcinoma.
The esophagus may be narrow in calibre, [5] may show multiple rings, [5] redness, [5] linear furrows [1] or the mucosal lining may slide demonstrating a "crepe-paper" appearance. [1] Complications such as strictures of the esophagus can also be detected with endoscopy. [ 5 ]
As opposed to a Zenker's, which is typically a posterior and inferior outpouching from the esophagus, a Killian–Jamieson diverticulum is typically an anterolateral outpouching at the level of the C5-C6 vertebral bodies, due to a congenital weakness in the cervical esophagus between the oblique and transverse fibers of the cricopharyngeus muscle.
This is a very rare tumor, since only about 1 in 35,000 to 40,000 people have VHL, of whom about 10% have endolymphatic sac tumors. Patients usually present in the 4th to 5th decades without an gender predilection. The tumor involves the endolymphatic sac, a portion of the intraosseous inner ear of the posterior petrous bone. [1] [5]
Esophageal rupture, also known as Boerhaave syndrome, is a rupture of the esophageal wall. Iatrogenic causes account for approximately 56% of esophageal perforations, usually due to medical instrumentation such as an endoscopy or paraesophageal surgery. [1] The 10% of esophageal perforations caused specifically by vomiting are termed Boerhaave ...
It can be caused by or associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease, [1] esophagitis, a dysfunctional lower esophageal sphincter, disordered motility, lye ingestion, or a hiatal hernia. Strictures can form after esophageal surgery and other treatments such as laser therapy or photodynamic therapy. While the area heals, a scar forms, causing ...