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Earth radius (denoted as R 🜨 or R E) is the distance from the center of Earth to a point on or near its surface. Approximating the figure of Earth by an Earth spheroid (an oblate ellipsoid), the radius ranges from a maximum (equatorial radius, denoted a) of nearly 6,378 km (3,963 mi) to a minimum (polar radius, denoted b) of nearly 6,357 km (3,950 mi).
There are at least seven quasi-satellites, including 469219 Kamoʻoalewa, ranging in diameter from 10 m to 5000 m. [ 188 ] [ 189 ] A trojan asteroid companion, 2010 TK 7 , is librating around the leading Lagrange triangular point , L4, in Earth's orbit around the Sun. [ 190 ] The tiny near-Earth asteroid 2006 RH 120 makes close approaches to ...
Earth's circumference is the distance around Earth. Measured around the equator, it is 40,075.017 km (24,901.461 mi). Measured passing through the poles, the circumference is 40,007.863 km (24,859.734 mi). [1] Treating the Earth as a sphere, its circumference would be its single most important measurement. [2]
A nautical mile is a unit of length used in air, marine, and space navigation, and for the definition of territorial waters. [2] [3] [4] Historically, it was defined as the meridian arc length corresponding to one minute ( 1 / 60 of a degree) of latitude at the equator, so that Earth's polar circumference is very near to 21,600 nautical miles (that is 60 minutes × 360 degrees).
In 1669, Jean Picard found the first accurate and reliable value for the radius of Earth as 6,365.6 kilometres. [10] [11] Picard's geodetic observations had been confined to the determination of the magnitude of the Earth considered as a sphere, but the discovery made by Jean Richer turned the attention of mathematicians to the Earth's ...
The planet Earth has a rather slight equatorial bulge; its equatorial diameter is about 43 km (27 mi) greater than its polar diameter, with a difference of about 1 ⁄ 298 of the equatorial diameter. If Earth were scaled down to a globe with an equatorial diameter of 1 metre (3.3 ft), that difference would be only 3 mm (0.12 in).
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The exametre (SI symbol: Em) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10 18 meters. To help compare different distances this section lists lengths between 10 18 m (1 Em or 105.7 light-years) and 10 19 m (10 Em or 1,057 light-years). 1.2 Em – 129 light-years – diameter of Messier 13 (a typical globular cluster)