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It may develop rapidly from a periapical granuloma, as a consequence of untreated chronic periapical periodontitis. [1] Periapical is defined as "the tissues surrounding the apex of the root of a tooth" and a cyst is "a pathological cavity lined by epithelium, having fluid or gaseous content that is not created by the accumulation of pus." [2]
Periapical periodontitis of some form is a very common condition. The prevalence of periapical periodontitis is generally reported to vary according to age group, e.g. 33% in those aged 20–30, 40% in 30- to 40-year-olds, 48% in 40- to 50-year-olds, 57% in 50- to 60-year-olds and 62% in those over the age of 60. [13]
Periodontal disease is the most common disease found in dogs and affects more than 80% of dogs aged three years or older. Its prevalence in dogs increases with age, but decreases with increasing body weight; i.e., toy and miniature breeds are more severely affected.
During this time, the signs and symptoms of periodontal diseases were firmly established. [15] Rather than a single disease entity, periodontal disease is a combination of multiple disease processes that share a common clinical manifestation. The cause includes both local and systemic factors.
Periapical granuloma, [1] also sometimes referred to as a radicular granuloma or apical granuloma, is an inflammation at the tip of a dead (nonvital) tooth. It is a lesion or mass that typically starts out as an epithelial lined cyst , and undergoes an inward curvature that results in inflammation of granulation tissue at the root tips of a ...
Periapical radiograph showing peri-radicular radiolucency and bone loss caused by an odontogenic infection under the roots of two anterior teeth in a 30-year-old patient. An odontogenic infection is an infection that originates within a tooth or in the closely surrounding tissues. [1]
Other symptoms may include hypoesthesia, paresthesia, and discomfort. [3] In rare instances, patients may experience associated facial swelling with the presence or absence of pain due to concurrent infection. [4] Patients experiencing symptoms also tend to be older and have the periapical form of cemento-osseous dysplasia. [3]
Peripheral giant-cell granuloma (PGCG) is an oral pathologic condition that appears in the mouth as an overgrowth of tissue due to irritation or trauma.Because of its overwhelming incidence on the gingiva, the condition is associated with two other diseases, pyogenic granuloma and peripheral ossifying fibroma.