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Behind the angle of bifurcation of the common carotid artery is a reddish-brown oval body known as the carotid body. It is similar in structure to the coccygeal body which is situated on the median sacral artery. The relations of the cervical region of the common carotid artery may be discussed in two points:
The carotid body is situated on the posterior aspect of the bifurcation of the common carotid artery. [3] The carotid body is made up of two types of cells, called glomus cells: glomus type I cells are peripheral chemoreceptors, and glomus type II cells are sustentacular supportive cells. Glomus type I cells are derived from the neural crest. [4]
The internal carotid artery supplies the brain, and the external carotid artery supplies the face. This fork is a common site for atherosclerosis, an inflammatory build-up of atheromatous plaque inside the common carotid artery, or the internal carotid arteries that causes them to narrow. [3] [4]
The internal carotid artery is an artery in the neck which supplies the anterior and middle cerebral circulation. [1] In human anatomy, the internal and external carotid arise from the common carotid artery, where it bifurcates at cervical vertebrae C3 or C4.
The carotid body is not labelled but is located within the wall of the internal carotid artery near the bifurcation of the common carotid artery. Glomus type I cells are the chemoreceptor cells found in the carotid body. Glomus cells are the cell type mainly located in the carotid bodies and aortic bodies. Glomus type I cells are peripheral ...
It runs downward anterior to the internal carotid artery. It communicates with the vagus nerve and sympathetic trunk before dividing in the angle of the bifurcation of the common carotid artery to innervate the carotid body, and carotid sinus.
The carotid artery is the usual site of measurement of IMT and consensus statements for carotid IMT have been published for adults [12] and children. [13] Often, carotid IMT is measured in three locations: in the common carotid artery (typically at one cm proximal to the flow divider), at the bifurcation, and in the internal carotid artery.
Carotidynia is a syndrome characterized by unilateral (one-sided) tenderness of the carotid artery, near the bifurcation. It was first described in 1927 by Temple Fay. [1] The most common cause of carotidynia may be migraine, and then it is usually self-correcting. Common migraine treatments may help alleviate the carotidynia symptoms.
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