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Petroleum refinery in Anacortes, Washington, United States. Petroleum refining processes are the chemical engineering processes and other facilities used in petroleum refineries (also referred to as oil refineries) to transform crude oil into useful products such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), gasoline or petrol, kerosene, jet fuel, diesel oil and fuel oils.
Oil may be transferred by road or rail tanker or by pipeline to an oil refinery. Gas may be used on the site to run gas engines to produce electricity or can be piped to local users. [3] Excess gas is burned in a ground flare. Produced water may be re-injected into the reservoir. Small fields can use portable integrated packages, like vapor ...
Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines for Crude Oil and Petroleum Product Terminals, World Bank Group (April 2007). [12] Design, Construction, Operation, Maintenance, and Inspection of Terminal and Tank Facilities, American Petroleum Institute, API STD 2610. [13]
Reservoir engineers could use the map as a part of their well drill planning. Reservoir engineering is a branch of petroleum engineering that applies scientific principles to the fluid flow through a porous medium during the development and production of oil and gas reservoirs so as to obtain a high economic recovery. The working tools of the ...
Petroleum products are materials derived from crude oil as it is processed in oil refineries. Unlike petrochemicals, which are a collection of well-defined usually pure organic compounds, petroleum products are complex mixtures. [1] Most petroleum is converted into petroleum products, which include several classes of fuels. [2]
The dead, stabilized crude flows to tanks for storage or to a pipeline for transport to customers such as an oil refinery. [3] [4] [7] The stabilization tower may typically operate at approximately 50 to 200 psig (345 – 1378 kPa). [5] Where the crude oil contains high levels of hydrogen sulphide (H 2 S) a sour
It was to process light and low sulfur crude oils, such as Bonny Light and Brass River from Nigeria, and Palanca Blend from Angola. The products of the refining process were liquefied petroleum gas, gasoline, illuminating and cooking kerosene, aviation turbine kerosene, gas-oil or diesel and residual oil. In 1977, as part of the first phase of ...
Following extraction, petroleum companies prefer to transport both crude oil and APG to their respective refiners for processing and distribution to consumers. Most modern wells are planned to include gas pipeline transport , but some oil wells are drilled only to get the more lucrative oil, in which case the options are to locally use, process ...