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Focus groups first started in the 1940s as a research method in the context of market research concerning radio soap operas. [9] During the Second World War, Robert K. Merton set out to analyze the effectiveness of propaganda with the use of focus groups. [10]
An online focus group is one type of focus group, and is a sub-set of online research methods. [1] They are typically an appropriate research method for consumer research, business-to-business research and political research.
In consumer research, a range of qualitative methods are used, particularly in-depth interviews, focus groups and ethnographic observation. [8] In B2B research, focus groups and ethnographic observation are used far less frequently due to the nature of business decision-makers, and in-depth interviews are most frequently used in B2B research: [9]
[5] According to Powell et al., a group of individuals selected and gathered by researchers to discuss and comment on, from personal experience, the topic that is the subject of the research form a focus-group. [6] Some of the features of focus-group discussions include each member's participation, a number of consecutive meetings, common ...
In contrast to standardized research methods, recursivity embodies the idea that the qualitative researcher can change a study's design during the data collection phase. [12] Recursivity in qualitative research procedures contrasts to the methods used by scientists who conduct experiments. From the perspective of the scientist, data collection ...
Focus groups are a qualitative research method often used in market research. They constitute a form of group interview involving a small number of demographically similar people. Researchers can use this method to collect data based on the interactions and responses of the participants.
He called these groups focus groups. [16] In contrast to standard market research methods of the time which sought to quantify what consumers were doing, Dichter was interested in why consumers made given purchase decisions. [17] An oft-cited example of Dichter's studies is an understanding of why people use cigarette lighters.
Traditional methods of marketing research include focus groups or sizeable surveys used to evaluate features of the proposed product. [16] Some of the conventional research techniques used in this type of study are the measurement of cardiac electrical activity (ECG) and electrical activity of the dermis (EDA) of subjects. [17]
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