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Newer Chinese migration today began from the 1980s, with many of them working in blue-collar jobs during Singapore's rapid industrialisation which began in the 1970s. [8] During 1989, after the Tiananmen Square protests , the Singaporean government offered 25,000 permanent residency status to Hong Kong residents for them to settle in Singapore.
The Singapore Department of Statistics defines "Chinese" as a "race" or "ethnic group", in conjunction with "Malay, Indian and Others" under the CMIO model. [10] They consist of "persons of Chinese origin" such as the Hokkiens, Teochews, Hainanese, Cantonese, Hakka, Henghuas, Hokchias and Foochows, Shanghainese, Northern Chinese, etc." [11] Chinese Singaporeans are defined as the "Chinese ...
Singapore has one of the lowest fertility rates in the world. [28] In 2012, Singapore total fertility rate (TFR) was 1.20 children born per woman, a sub-replacement fertility rate. Ethnic Chinese had a fertility of 1.07 in 2004 (1.65 in 1990), while Malays had a TFR of 2.10 (2.69 in 1990). Both figures declined further in 2006.
In 1819, the port of Singapore was established by Sir Stamford Raffles, who opened it to free trade and free immigration on the island's south coast. Many immigrants from the region settled in Singapore. By 1827, the population of the island was composed of people from various ethnic groups². [6] Singapore is a multilingual and multicultural ...
[62] [63] Ferdinand Marcos, the former president of the Philippines Ferdinand Marcos was of Chinese descent, as were many others. [64] Since their early migration, many of the overseas Chinese of Malay ancestry have adopted local culture, especially in Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand with large Peranakan community.
Before the early 2000s, the four major races in Singapore were the Chinese, Malays, Indians and Eurasians. Today, the Chinese-Malay-Indian-Others (CMIO) model is the dominant organising framework of race in Singapore. [1] Race informs government policies on a variety of issues such as political participation, public housing and education. [1]
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The Chinese-medium Nanyang University also made the switch to English as the medium of instruction despite meeting resistance, especially from the Chinese community. [20] There has been a steep increase in the use of the English language over the years. [21] Singapore is currently one of the most proficient English-speaking countries in Asia. [22]