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Common side effects include sleepiness, restlessness, and weakness. Other side effects may include dry mouth and wheeziness. [2] Chlorpheniramine was patented in 1948 and came into medical use in 1949. [3] It is available as a generic medication and over the counter. [2] [4]
Cyproheptadine, sold under the brand name Periactin among others, is a first-generation antihistamine with additional anticholinergic, antiserotonergic, and local anesthetic properties.
Loratadine, sold under the brand name Claritin among others, is a medication used to treat allergies. [5] This includes allergic rhinitis (hay fever) and hives. [5] It is also available in drug combinations such as loratadine/pseudoephedrine, in which it is combined with pseudoephedrine, a nasal decongestant. [5]
Cloperastine or cloperastin, in the forms of cloperastine hydrochloride (brand names Hustazol, Nitossil, Seki) and cloperastine fendizoate, is an antitussive and antihistamine that is marketed as a cough suppressant in Japan, Hong Kong, and in some European countries.
Pizotifen is able to dose-dependently and fully antagonize the discriminative stimulus effects of the serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent and serotonin 5-HT 2 receptor agonist MDMA in rodent drug discrimination tests. [10] Conversely, the related drug cyproheptadine was only partially effective and clozapine was ineffective. [10]
Pheniramine (trade name Avil among others) is an antihistamine with anticholinergic properties used to treat allergic conditions such as hay fever or urticaria.It has relatively strong sedative effects, and may sometimes be used off-label as an over-the-counter sleeping pill in a similar manner to other sedating antihistamines such as diphenhydramine.
Pirfenidone, sold under the brand name Pirespa among others, is a medication used for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.It works by reducing lung fibrosis through downregulation of the production of growth factors and procollagens I and II.
Severe side effects may include suicide and psychosis. [ 8 ] [ 7 ] Use during pregnancy may result in harm to the fetus. [ 9 ] Primidone is an anticonvulsant of the barbiturate class; [ 7 ] however, its long-term effect in raising the seizure threshold is likely due to its active metabolite, phenobarbital . [ 10 ]