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Southern lawmakers began to exploit the so-called "loophole" written in the 13th amendment and turned to prison labor as a means of restoring the pre-abolition free labor force. Black Codes were enacted by politicians in the South to maintain white control over former slaves, namely by restricting African Americans’ labor activity. [21]
She referred to the defeat of California’s Proposition 6, which aimed to remove the so-called “slavery loophole” — the clause that allows forced labor as punishment for a crime — from ...
OPINION: The initiatives are meant to address the 13th Amendment loophole that allows forced prison labor more than150 years after the end of slavery.
In Stanislaus County, about 65% of voters rejected a ballot measure in the Nov. 5 election that sought to end forced labor in prisons and jails in California.
The California Constitution mirrors the 13th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution and prohibits slavery and involuntary servitude. However, both allow involuntary servitude as punishment for a crime.
The Legislature should pass a bill to remove mandatory work from the Penal Code that doesn't rely on a constitutional amendment. While the Constitution allows forced labor in prison, it is the ...
The Thirteenth Amendment (Amendment XIII) to the United States Constitution abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime.The amendment was passed by the Senate on April 8, 1864, by the House of Representatives on January 31, 1865, and ratified by the required 27 of the then 36 states on December 6, 1865, and proclaimed on December 18.
In the United States, the 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits slavery and involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for a crime of which one has been convicted. [1] [2] In the latter 2010s, a movement has emerged to repeal the exception clause from both the federal and state constitutions.