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The Tuscan order (Latin Ordo Tuscanicus or Ordo Tuscanus, with the meaning of Etruscan order) is one of the two classical orders developed by the Romans, the other being the composite order. It is influenced by the Doric order , but with un- fluted columns and a simpler entablature with no triglyphs or guttae .
Reconstructed plan of Pliny's villa in Tuscis (Robert Castell 1728) reconstruction by Karl Friedrich Schinkel, 1842 Excavations ot Colle Plinio. The Villa of Pliny in Tuscis was a large, elaborate ancient Roman villa-estate that belonged to the Plinys (Pliny the Elder and Pliny the Younger). [1] It is located at Colle Plinio near San Giustino ...
He describes how to plan a "Tuscan temple" that appears to be a Roman "Etruscan-style" (tuscanicae dispositiones) temple of a type perhaps still sometimes built in his own day, rather than a really historically minded attempt to describe original Etruscan buildings, though he may well have seen examples of these. [8]
Arguably, the most artistic was the Tuscan Romanesque, especially Florentine and Pisan, yet that of Sicily, influenced by the Norman settlers, was considerable too. Lombard Romanesque was certainly more structurally progressive than the Tuscan but less artistic.
The Tuscan atrium seems to be the most common type in Pompeii. [14] The Tuscan type has the advantage that the walls and pillars are very well-protected from the elements. For a smaller cavaedium, it is a simple, light structure. In a larger cavaedium, though, it requires very massive timber beams.
The Tuscan order is characterized by an unfluted shaft and a capital that consists of only an echinus and an abacus. In proportions it is similar to the Doric order, but overall it is significantly plainer. The column is normally seven diameters high. Compared to the other orders, the Tuscan order looks the most solid.
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