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Substitute good. In microeconomics, substitute goods are two goods that can be used for the same purpose by consumers. [1] That is, a consumer perceives both goods as similar or comparable, so that having more of one good causes the consumer to desire less of the other good. Contrary to complementary goods and independent goods, substitute ...
In economics and particularly in consumer choice theory, the substitution effect is one component of the effect of a change in the price of a good upon the amount of that good demanded by a consumer, the other being the income effect. When a good's price increases, if hypothetically the same consumption bundle were to be retained, income would ...
In economics, and in other social sciences, preference refers to an order by which an agent, while in search of an "optimal choice ", ranks alternatives based on their respective utility. Preferences are evaluations that concern matters of value, in relation to practical reasoning. [1] Individual preferences are determined by taste, need ...
A demand curve is a graph depicting the inverse demand function, [1] a relationship between the price of a certain commodity (the y -axis) and the quantity of that commodity that is demanded at that price (the x -axis). Demand curves can be used either for the price-quantity relationship for an individual consumer (an individual demand curve ...
Product differentiation. In economics and marketing, product differentiation (or simply differentiation) is the process of distinguishing a product or service from others to make it more attractive to a particular target market. This involves differentiating it from competitors ' products as well as from a firm's other products.
In microeconomics, the law of demand is a fundamental principle which states that there is an inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded. In other words, "conditional on all else being equal, as the price of a good increases (↑), quantity demanded will decrease (↓); conversely, as the price of a good decreases (↓), quantity ...
In economics, the marginal rate of substitution (MRS) is the rate at which a consumer can give up some amount of one good in exchange for another good while maintaining the same level of utility. At equilibrium consumption levels (assuming no externalities), marginal rates of substitution are identical. The marginal rate of substitution is one ...
Economists and marketers use the Search, Experience, Credence (SEC) classification of goods and services, which is based on the ease or difficulty with which consumers can evaluate or obtain information. These days most economics and marketers treat the three classes of goods as a continuum. Archetypal goods are: [1][2][3][4]