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2. Electric heating - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_heating

   According to the US EPA, geothermal heat pumps can reduce energy consumption up to 44% compared with air source heat pumps and up to 72% compared with electric resistance heating. [4] The high purchase price of a heat pump vs resistance heaters may be offset when air conditioning is also needed.

3. Joule heating - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joule_heating

   As a heating technology, Joule heating has a coefficient of performance of 1.0, meaning that every joule of electrical energy supplied produces one joule of heat. In contrast, a heat pump can have a coefficient of more than 1.0 since it moves additional thermal energy from the environment to the heated item.

4. Thermoelectric cooling - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric_cooling

   Thermoelectric cooling uses the Peltier effect to create a heat flux at the junction of two different types of materials. A Peltier cooler, heater, or thermoelectric heat pump is a solid-state active heat pump which transfers heat from one side of the device to the other, with consumption of electrical energy, depending on the direction of the current.

5. Thermal conductance and resistance - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_conductance_and...

   The SI unit of absolute thermal resistance is kelvins per watt (K/W) or the equivalent degrees Celsius per watt (°C/W) – the two are the same since the intervals are equal: ΔT = 1 K = 1 °C. The thermal resistance of materials is of great interest to electronic engineers because most electrical components generate heat and need to be cooled.

6. Heat pump - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_pump

   This historic heat pump heated the town hall for 63 years until 2001. Only then was it replaced by a new, more efficient heat pump. [15] 1945 John Sumner, City Electrical Engineer for Norwich, installs an experimental water-source heat pump fed central heating system, using a nearby river to heat new Council administrative buildings. It had a ...

7. Air conditioning - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_conditioning

   The heat pump is significantly more energy-efficient than electric resistance heating, because it moves energy from air or groundwater to the heated space and the heat from purchased electrical energy. When the heat pump is in heating mode, the indoor evaporator coil switches roles and becomes the condenser coil, producing heat.