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The human nose is the first organ of the respiratory system. It is also the principal organ in the olfactory system. The shape of the nose is determined by the nasal bones and the nasal cartilages, including the nasal septum, which separates the nostrils and divides the nasal cavity into two. The nose has an important function in breathing.
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It can also be damaged by trauma from a finger nail (nose picking), as it is fragile. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] It is the usual site for nosebleeds in children and young adults. [ 3 ] [ 5 ] A physician may use a nasal speculum to see that an anterior nosebleed comes from Kiesselbach's plexus.
In humans and other mammals, the anatomy of a typical respiratory system is the respiratory tract.The tract is divided into an upper and a lower respiratory tract.The upper tract includes the nose, nasal cavities, sinuses, pharynx and the part of the larynx above the vocal folds.
The nasal mucosa lines the nasal cavity.It is part of the respiratory mucosa, the mucous membrane lining the respiratory tract. [1] [2] The nasal mucosa is intimately adherent to the periosteum or perichondrium of the nasal conchae.
Many problems can affect the nose, including: Deviated septum - a shifting of the wall that divides the nasal cavity into halves; Nasal polyps - soft growths that develop on the lining of the nose or sinuses; Nosebleeds; Rhinitis - inflammation of the nose and sinuses sometimes caused by allergies. The main symptom is a runny nose.
Anatomy figure: 22:02-07 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center—"Anterior view of skull." Anatomy photo:29:st-0206 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center—"Orbits and Eye: Bones" Anatomy figure: 33:01-03 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center—"The bones of the lateral nasal wall." "Anatomy diagram: 34256.000-1".
The septal nasal cartilage is also the main structure that provides the orientation of the nose, being the midline structure of the organ. With an offset septal nasal cartilage, the nose will appear crooked to the viewer. A crooked nose can block airflow coming from the nares to the lungs or vice versa. [4]
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