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The one-child policy was a tool for China to not only address overpopulation, but to also address poverty alleviation and increase social mobility by consolidating the combined inherited wealth of the two previous generations into the investment and success of one child instead of having these resources spread thinly across multiple children. [85]
The one-child policy had various exemptions, including twins, rural families who could have more children due to the necessities of farm work, and ethnic minorities. [20]: 58 The strict limitation of one child applied to approximately 35% of China's population. [22]: 63 The 1980 Marriage Law described birth planning as a national duty.
In 2015, the Chinese government decided to change the one-child policy and implemented a two-child policy. [73] Some researchers argue that son preference along with the one-child policy are one of the many contributing factors to an imbalanced sex ratio that has left millions of unmarried men unable to marry and start a family. [74]
Over 30 years of China’s one-child policy, an estimated 20 million baby girls “disappeared” due to sex-selective abortions or infanticide, according to Li Shuzhuo, director of the Center for ...
China ceded its position as the most populated country to India in 2023, after the population began to fall in 2022. Women are having fewer babies despite the easing of China’s one-child policy ...
China's one-child policy has contributed to a significant drop in the number of entrepreneurs — and only children who do start their own businesses tend to perform worse financially. One Chinese ...
The one-child policy enjoyed much greater success in urban than in rural areas. Even without state intervention, there were compelling reasons for urban couples to limit the family to a single child. Raising a child required a significant portion of family income, and in the cities a child did not become an economic asset until he or she ...
"From One Child to Two: Demographic Policies in China and their Impact on Population." Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas 172 (2020): 141-160 online Archived 2021-06-02 at the Wayback Machine. Zhang, Junsen. “The Evolution of China's One-Child Policy and Its Effects on Family Outcomes.”