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The separation is based on the differential partitioning between the mobile and the stationary phases. Subtle differences in a compound's partition coefficient result in differential retention on the stationary phase and thus affect the separation. [1] Chromatography may be preparative or analytical.
A separation process is a method that converts a mixture or a solution of chemical substances into two or more distinct product mixtures, [1] a scientific process of separating two or more substances in order to obtain purity. At least one product mixture from the separation is enriched in one or more of the source mixture's constituents.
The factors affecting the retention and separation of solutes in the reversed phase chromatographic system are as follows: a. The chemical nature of the stationary phase, i.e., the ligands bonded on its surface, as well as their bonding density, namely the extent of their coverage. b. The composition of the mobile phase. Type of the bulk ...
Micellar liquid chromatography (MLC) has been used in a variety of applications including separation of mixtures of charged and neutral solutes, direct injection of serum and other physiological fluids, analysis of pharmaceutical compounds, separation of enantiomers, analysis of inorganic organometallics, and a host of others.
Micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) is a chromatography technique used in analytical chemistry. It is a modification of capillary electrophoresis (CE), extending its functionality to neutral analytes, [ 1 ] where the samples are separated by differential partitioning between micelles (pseudo-stationary phase) and a surrounding aqueous ...
The greater the separation factor value is over 1.0, the better the separation, until about 2.0 beyond which an HPLC method is probably not needed for separation. Resolution equations relate the three factors such that high efficiency and separation factors improve the resolution of component peaks in an HPLC separation.
Liquid chromatography (LC) is a method that in some ways is more powerful than GC, but can be coupled to mass spectrometry just as easily. In LC, the concerns involving sample preparation can be minimal. In LC, both the stationary and mobile phase can affect the separation, whereas in GC only the stationary phase should be influential.
Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a chromatography technique that separates components in non-volatile mixtures. [ 1 ] It is performed on a TLC plate made up of a non-reactive solid coated with a thin layer of adsorbent material. [ 2 ]