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Deamination is the removal of an amino group from a molecule. [1] Enzymes that catalyse this reaction are called deaminases. In the human body, deamination takes place primarily in the liver; however, it can also occur in the kidney. In situations of excess protein intake, deamination is used to break down amino acids for energy.
One example of this is a study conducted by D. Fattori looking at the regioselectivity of the Demjanov rearrangement in one-carbon enlargements of naked sugars. It showed that when an exo methylamine underwent Demjanov nitrous acid deamination, ring enlargement was not produced.
In general, deamidation can be eliminated by proteolysis at an acidic pH or at a slightly basic pH (4.5 and 8.0, respectively) using the endoprotease, Glu-C. [2] The rates of deamidation depend on multiple factors, including the primary sequences and higher-order structures of the proteins, pH, temperature, and components in the solutions.
This page will attempt to list examples in mathematics. To qualify for inclusion, an article should be about a mathematical object with a fair amount of concreteness. Usually a definition of an abstract concept, a theorem, or a proof would not be an "example" as the term should be understood here (an elegant proof of an isolated but particularly striking fact, as opposed to a proof of a ...
The American Invitational Mathematics Examination (AIME) is a selective and prestigious 15-question 3-hour test given since 1983 to those who rank in the top 5% on the AMC 12 high school mathematics examination (formerly known as the AHSME), and starting in 2010, those who rank in the top 2.5% on the AMC 10. Two different versions of the test ...
It creates mutations in DNA [6] [7] by deamination of cytosine base, which turns it into uracil (which is recognized as a thymine). In other words, it changes a C:G base pair into a U:G mismatch. The cell's DNA replication machinery recognizes the U as a T, and hence C:G is converted to a T:A base pair.
Other examples of base lesions repaired by BER include: Oxidized bases: 8-oxoguanine, 2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamidopyrimidine (FapyG, FapyA) Alkylated bases: 3-methyladenine, 7-methylguanosine; Deaminated bases: hypoxanthine formed from deamination of adenine. Xanthine formed from deamination of guanine.
Diphenylamine is produced by the thermal deamination of aniline over oxide catalysts: 2 C 6 H 5 NH 2 → (C 6 H 5) 2 NH + NH 3. It is a weak base, with a K b of 10 −14. With strong acids, it forms salts. For example, treatment with sulfuric acid gives the bisulfate [(C 6 H 5) 2 NH 2] + [HSO 4] − as a white or yellowish powder with m.p. 123 ...