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Napoleon Bonaparte [b] (born Napoleone Buonaparte; [1] [c] 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French general and statesman who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led a series of military campaigns across Europe during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars from 1796 to 1815.
Riley, Jonathon P. Napoleon as a General (Hambledon Press, 2007) Rothenberg, Gunther E. (1988). "The Origins, Causes, and Extension of the Wars of the French Revolution and Napoleon". Journal of Interdisciplinary History. 18 (4): 771– 793. doi:10.2307/204824. JSTOR 204824. JSTOR 204824; Rothenberg, E. Gunther. The Art of Warfare in the Age of ...
The same day, 25 September, Masséna defeated the Austro-Russian force under General Alexander Korsakov at the Second Battle of Zurich, arguably the greatest French victory of 1799–1800. [9] Unable to break through the French lines and aware of Korsakov's disastrous defeat, the Russian general turned east through the high and difficult Pragel ...
A capable cavalry general throughout the Napoleonic wars, Grouchy was made a Marshal before the 100 days. He was widely blamed for not joining with Napoleon for the Battle of Waterloo, getting himself into unnecessary battles with Prussian field commander, Von Blücher.
The behemoth force crossed the Niemen River on 24 June 1812, and Napoleon hoped that quick marching could place his men between the two main Russian armies, commanded by Generals Barclay de Tolly and Pyotr Bagration. However, the campaign was characterized by many frustrations, as the Russians succeeded no less than three times in evading ...
This list includes the general officers in the French service during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. From 1789 to 1815, their number exceeded 2,000. From 1789 to 1815, their number exceeded 2,000.
Napoleon later said of him: "I found him a pygmy and left him a giant." Napoleon Bonaparte: 1769–1821 French Napoleon is often ranked among the greatest military commanders of all time. His campaigns established a new era in military history and are still studied at military academies all over the world.
The most recent promotions to marshal came in 1815, two years after a break on routine promotions to the rank, when Napoleon promoted Emmanuel de Grouchy, one of his Generals, to the dignity. [4] Napoleon and several of his Marshals. Unlike many positions, the Marshal of the Empire distinction was not a rank, rather a reward, given out by ...