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State-level departments of transportation and council of governments may use different definitions. Below is the list of known definitions of higher-speed rail which use some of the 5 speed levels, 80 mph (130 km/h), 90 mph (145 km/h), 110 mph (175 km/h), 125 mph (200 km/h) and 150 mph (240 km/h):
60 mph (97 km/h) BNSF between Spokane and Kettle Falls, Washington; and Canadian National’s Wisconsin Central line between Neenah, Wisconsin and Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan. [9] Class 4 [us 2] 60 mph (97 km/h) 80 mph (129 km/h) Chicago’s Metra; and New England Central’s entire main line. [9] Class 5 [us 3] 80 mph (129 km/h) 90 mph (145 km/h)
As of May 15, 2017, 41 states have maximum speed limits of 70 mph (113 km/h) or higher. 18 of those states have 75 miles per hour (121 km/h) speed limits or higher, while 7 states of that same portion have 80 mph (129 km/h) speed limits, with Texas even having an 85 miles per hour (137 km/h) speed limit on one of its toll roads.
Under the most common international definition of high-speed rail (speeds above 155 mph (250 km/h) on newly built lines and speeds above 124 mph (200 km/h) on upgraded lines), Amtrak's Acela is the United States' only true high-speed rail service, reaching 150 mph (240 km/h) over 49.9 miles (80.3 km) of track along the Northeast Corridor. [2]
While there is no single definition or standard that applies worldwide, lines built to handle speeds of at least 250 km/h (155 mph) or upgraded lines of at least 200 km/h (125 mph) are generally considered to be high-speed. [1] [2] [3] The first high-speed rail system, the Tōkaidō Shinkansen, began operations in Honshu, Japan, in 1964.
For example, the maximum speed limit is 75 mph (120 km/h) in northern Maine, varies between 50 and 70 mph (80 and 115 km/h) [51] from southern Maine to New Jersey, and is 50 mph (80 km/h) in New York City and the District of Columbia. [50] Currently, rural speed limits elsewhere generally range from 65 to 80 miles per hour (105 to 130 km/h).
A stack of rectangular speed limit signs in the United States German border crossing sign showing 50 km/h (31 mph) limit in built-up areas, 100 km/h (62 mph) in rural areas, but a legal advisory 130 km/h (81 mph) limit for the Autobahn (motorway), increasing liability in the case of an accident from driving faster [175]
Grade is usually expressed as a percentage - converted to the angle α by taking the inverse tangent of the standard mathematical slope, which is rise / run or the grade / 100. If one looks at red numbers on the chart specifying grade, one can see the quirkiness of using the grade to specify slope; the numbers go from 0 for flat, to 100% at 45 ...