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The area provides a reference unit, for example in reference ranges for urine tests. [3]Used for grading of soft tissue tumors: Grading, usually on a scale of I to III, is based on the degree of differentiation, the average number of mitoses per high-power field, cellularity, pleomorphism, and an estimate of the extent of necrosis (presumably a reflection of rate of growth).
An elevated mitotic index indicates more cells are dividing. In cancer cells, the mitotic index may be elevated compared to normal growth of tissues or cellular repair of the site of an injury. [2] The mitotic index is therefore an important prognostic factor predicting both overall survival and response to chemotherapy in most types of cancer ...
Mitotic indexing is the oldest method of assessing proliferation and is determined by counting the number of mitotic figures (cells undergoing mitosis) through a light microscope on H&E stained sections. It is usually expressed as the number of cells per microscopic field.
Mitotic count per 10 high-power fields ... Area per HPF Score 0.096 mm 2 [notes 1] 0.12 mm 2 [notes 1] 0.16 mm 2 ... this means that 25% of triple-negative breast ...
In histopathology, the mitosis rate (mitotic count or mitotic index) is an important parameter in various types of tissue samples, for diagnosis as well as to further specify the aggressiveness of tumors. For example, there is routinely a quantification of mitotic count in breast cancer classification. [74]
Atypical carcinoid of the lung exhibiting endobronchial growth, increased mitotic activity was seen (2-10 per 10 HPF). H&E stain. Typical pulmonary carcinoid tumor. Typical pulmonary carcinoid lacks comedo-like necrosis, and has < 0.2 mitotic figures/HPF.
Up to 10-15 mitotic figures per 10 HPF in most active areas. Tongue-like infiltration between muscle bundles of myometrium. May exhibit myxoid, epithelioid and fibrous change. May have foam cells or hyalinization in the stroma.
Nonetheless, different GISTs have different risk assessments of their tendency to recur or to metastasize, dependent on their site of origin, size, and number of mitotic figures. A multi-omics study introduced a new molecular classification of GIST and identifies YLPM1 , a potential tumor suppressor gene [ 9 ] .