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The Ethiopia Commodity Exchange (ECX) is a commodities exchange established April 2008 in Ethiopia. In Proclamation 2007-550, which created the ECX, its stated objective was "to ensure the development of an efficient modern trading system" that would "protect the rights and benefits of sellers, buyers, intermediaries, and the general public." [1]
Ethiopia had an average inflation rate of 26% in 2021 and 30% in 2022, something that was largely driven by a rise in food prices; [27] in February 2023, the overall inflation rate reached 32%, [28] and Ethiopia continued to experience high inflation by September 2023, with commonly purchased food items becoming more expensive. [29]
Coffee harvest in Ethiopia. Coffee, which originated in Ethiopia, is the largest foreign exchange earner. Agriculture accounted for 50% of GDP, 83.9% of exports, and 80% of the labor force in 2006 and 2007, compared to 44.9%, 76.9% and 80% in 2002–2003, and agriculture remains the Ethiopian economy's most important sector. [7]
Ethiopia's economy experienced strong, broad-based growth averaging 9.4% a year from 2010/11 to 2019/20. Ethiopia's real gross domestic product (GDP) growth slowed down to 6.1% in 2019/20 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. [80] Industry, mainly construction, and services accounted for most of the growth.
Ethiopian cuisine (Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ምግብ "Ye-Ītyōṗṗyā məgəb") characteristically consists of vegetable and often very spicy meat dishes. This is usually in the form of wat, a thick stew, served on top of injera (Amharic: እንጀራ), a large sourdough flatbread, [1] which is about 50 centimeters (20 inches) in diameter and made out of fermented teff flour. [1]
A common unit of weight in Ethiopia was the load - a simple measure of the amount carried by a beast of burden such as a camel [1] A number of different units of measurement have been used in Ethiopia. The values of most of these units are not well defined. [2] In 1963, Ethiopia adopted the metric system. [3]
The birr (Amharic: ብር) is the primary unit of currency in Ethiopia.It is subdivided into 100 santims.. In 1931, Emperor Haile Selassie formally requested that the international community use the name Ethiopia (as it had already been known internally for at least 1,600 years [2]) instead of the exonym Abyssinia, and the issuing Bank of Abyssinia also became the Bank of Ethiopia.
The table below shows cities and towns with more than 40,000 inhabitants (from the projection for 2016 by using the 2007 census data). [1] [2] The population numbers are referring to the inhabitants of the cities themselves, suburbs and the metropolitan area outside the city area are not taken into account.