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As Germany's most senior policeman, Himmler had two goals; first the official goal of centralization and Gleichschaltung: reforming the German police forces after Nazi Party ideals; secondly, the unofficial goal of making the German police an adjunct of the SS, thereby increasing his power base and improving his standing among Hitler's vassals. [4]
The Ordnungspolizei (Orpo, German: [ˈɔʁdnʊŋspoliˌtsaɪ], meaning "Order Police") were the uniformed police force in Nazi Germany from 1936 to 1945. [2] The Orpo was absorbed into the Nazi monopoly on power after regional police jurisdiction was removed in favour of the central Nazi government ("Reich-ification", Verreichlichung, of the police).
The term originated in August 1919 when the Reichswehr set up the Sicherheitswehr as a militarised police force to take action during times of riots or strikes. Owing to limitations in army numbers, it was renamed the Sicherheitspolizei to avoid attention. They wore a green uniform, and were sometimes called the "Green Police".
The Ordnungspolizei (Order Police) was a key instrument of the security apparatus of Nazi Germany.In the prewar period, Heinrich Himmler, the head of the SS, and Kurt Daluege, chief of the Order Police, cooperated in transforming the police force of the Weimar Republic into militarised formations ready to serve the regime's aims of conquest and racial annihilation.
The barracked police (Kasernierte Polizei) was a predecessor of today's German Bereitschaftspolizei riot police. It was normally organized in company-sized units (Hundertschaften) in larger cities. During World War II, the barracked police formed the core of police battalions serving in German-occupied Europe and the rear of the German army. [3]
The Geheime Staatspolizei (German pronunciation: [ɡəˈhaɪmə ˈʃtaːtspoliˌtsaɪ] ⓘ; transl. "Secret State Police"), abbreviated Gestapo (German: [ɡəˈstaːpo] ⓘ), [3] was the official secret police of Nazi Germany and in German-occupied Europe. The force was created by Hermann Göring in 1933 by combining the various political ...
Ordnungspolizei ("Order Police"; Orpo) was the uniformed police force in Nazi Germany. [15] Created in 1936 by the interior ministry, it was responsible for law enforcement throughout Germany. [15] [36] It was originally under the command of police general Kurt Daluege, but after he suffered a heart attack in 1943, he was replaced by Alfred ...
Initially, it was called Hilfspolizei, but Germans did not want to attach a reputable police title to this force. [2] Schutzmannschaften was an integral part of German police structure and dealt with variety of issues, including everyday crimes (except when concerning German citizens). [15]