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Resilience was then refined by Mallett in 1856 in relation to the capacity of specific materials to withstand specific disturbances. These definitions can be used in engineering resilience due to the application of a single material that has a stable equilibrium regime rather than the complex adaptive stability of larger systems. [12] [13]
Many (but not all) graphemes that are part of a writing system that encodes a full spoken language are included in the Unicode standard, which also includes graphical symbols. See: Language code; List of Unicode characters; List of writing systems; Punctuation; List of typographical symbols and punctuation marks
In the life sciences the term adaptability is used variously. At one end of the spectrum, the ordinary meaning of the word suffices for understanding. At the other end, there is the term as introduced by Conrad, [3] referring to a particular information entropy measure of the biota of an ecosystem, or of any subsystem of the biota, such as a population of a single species, a single individual ...
Resilience in art, the property of artwork to remain relevant over changing times; Resilience (organizational), the ability of a system to withstand changes in its environment and still function
sustained adaptability: the ability of a system to continue to keep adapting to surprises, over long periods of time; These two concepts are elaborated in Woods's theory of graceful extensibility. Woods contrasts resilience with robustness, which is the ability of a system to deal effectively with potential challenges that were anticipated in ...
Adaptive capacity confers resilience to perturbation, giving ecological and human social systems the ability to reconfigure themselves with minimum loss of function.In ecological systems, this resilience shows as net primary productivity and maintenance of biomass and biodiversity, and the stability of hydrological cycles.
ISO 22300:2021, Security and resilience – Vocabulary, is an international standard developed by ISO/TC 292 Security and resilience. This document defines terms used in security and resilience standards and includes 360 terms and definitions. [1] [2] [3] This edition was published in the beginning of 2021 and replaces the second edition from ...
As of Unicode version 16.0, there are 155,063 characters with code points, covering 168 modern and historical scripts, as well as multiple symbol sets. This article includes the 1,062 characters in the Multilingual European Character Set 2 subset, and some additional related characters.