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On the left is a fully connected neural network with two hidden layers. On the right is the same network after applying dropout. Dilution and dropout (also called DropConnect [1]) are regularization techniques for reducing overfitting in artificial neural networks by preventing complex co-adaptations on training data.
Examples include: [17] [18] Lang and Witbrock (1988) [19] trained a fully connected feedforward network where each layer skip-connects to all subsequent layers, like the later DenseNet (2016). In this work, the residual connection was the form x ↦ F ( x ) + P ( x ) {\displaystyle x\mapsto F(x)+P(x)} , where P {\displaystyle P} is a randomly ...
Keras was first independent software, then integrated into the TensorFlow library, and later supporting more. "Keras 3 is a full rewrite of Keras [and can be used] as a low-level cross-framework language to develop custom components such as layers, models, or metrics that can be used in native workflows in JAX, TensorFlow, or PyTorch — with ...
OpenNN (Open Neural Networks Library) is a software library written in the C++ programming language which implements neural networks, a main area of deep learning research. [1] The library is open-source , licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License .
C++, Python, Java [14] Yes No No No Yes No Yes Yes Yes Intel Math Kernel Library 2017 [15] and later Intel 2017 Proprietary: No Linux, macOS, Windows on Intel CPU [16] C/C++, DPC++, Fortran C [17] Yes [18] No No No Yes No Yes [19] Yes [19] No Yes Google JAX: Google 2018 Apache License 2.0: Yes Linux, macOS, Windows: Python: Python: Only on ...
TensorFlow serves as a core platform and library for machine learning. TensorFlow's APIs use Keras to allow users to make their own machine-learning models. [33] [43] In addition to building and training their model, TensorFlow can also help load the data to train the model, and deploy it using TensorFlow Serving. [44]
In a convolutional layer, each neuron receives input from only a restricted area of the previous layer called the neuron's receptive field. Typically the area is a square (e.g. 5 by 5 neurons). Whereas, in a fully connected layer, the receptive field is the entire previous layer. Thus, in each convolutional layer, each neuron takes input from a ...
Chollet is the creator of the Keras deep-learning library, released in 2015. His research focuses on computer vision , the application of machine learning to formal reasoning , abstraction , [ 2 ] and how to achieve greater generality in artificial intelligence .