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The C++ Standard Library provides several generic containers, functions to use and manipulate these containers, function objects, generic strings and streams (including interactive and file I/O), support for some language features, and functions for common tasks such as finding the square root of a number.
The class structure corresponds to the vtable of a C++ class. It must begin with the class structure of the superclass. Following that, it will hold a set of function pointers — one for each virtual method of the class. Class-specific variables can be used to emulate class members. The instance structure
This example will use "ExampleClass". A notable difference between C++ and Objective-C when making use of these implementation files is the extensions used at the end of the files. In C++ it will be .cpp [14] and in Objective-C it will be .m, [15] but both will use the same .h extension for their header file(s) [16] [17] as shown in the example ...
Instances of these class templates are C++ classes that define a function call operator, and the instances of these classes can be called as if they were functions. [1] It is possible to perform very sophisticated operations without writing a new function object, simply by combining predefined function objects and function object adaptors.
This is analogous to class declarations as used in other object-oriented languages, such as C++ or Python. The interface of a class is usually defined in a header file. A common convention is to name the header file after the name of the class, e.g. Ball.h would contain the interface for the class Ball. An interface declaration takes the form:
The application programming interface (API) of the C standard library is declared in a number of header files. Each header file contains one or more function declarations, data type definitions, and macros. After a long period of stability, three new header files (iso646.h, wchar.h, and wctype.h) were added with Normative Addendum 1 (NA1), an ...
An IDL file is compiled via the MIDL compiler. For use with C/C++, the MIDL compiler generates a header file with struct definitions to match the vtbls of the declared interfaces and a C file containing declarations of the interface GUIDs. C++ source code for a proxy module can also be generated by the MIDL compiler.
This is the philosophy that is used in the C and C++ standard libraries. By contrast, Guido van Rossum, designer of Python, has embraced a much more inclusive vision of the standard library. Python attempts to offer an easy-to-code, object-oriented, high-level language. [citation needed] In the Python tutorial, he writes: